QUAL2KW APPLICATION FOR THE UPPER CITARUM RIVER WATER QUALITY MODELING AND MANAGEMENT WITH NITROGEN AND PHOSPHATE PARAMETERS
Citarum River is one of the rivers in Indonesia that is polluted because of its use does not pay attention to sustainability. As a national strategic river, various challenges to solving problems and environmental damage in Citarum watershed have been carried out by the government with several impor...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
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| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/47208 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Citarum River is one of the rivers in Indonesia that is polluted because of its use does not pay attention to sustainability. As a national strategic river, various challenges to solving problems and environmental damage in Citarum watershed have been carried out by the government with several important targets. One way to support the government is by modeling the Citarum River water quality with QUAL2Kw model which can provide basic information and technical support for the government in making decisions. The framework in the QUAL2Kw model can represent the river as a one-dimensional channel with non-uniform and steady flow, and to simulate the impacts of point sources and non-point sources pollution load. Model simulations in this study were carried out using pollution load data from Citarum River tributaries, as well as from the domestic, industrial, agricultural and livestock sectors in the upper Citarum watershed. After the primary and secondary data were input into the QUAL2Kw program, then program was running. Next, calibration and validation was carried out on the model until it approached the actual conditions in the Citarum river. Model simulation results showed that ammonia and phosphate concentrations in the upper Citarum River were quite high with dissolved oxygen levels continuing to decrease along the river and tended to not meet the class II stream standard. While for nitrate parameter, the concentration was still below the stream standard. Citarum River total maximum daily loading (TMDL) were around 1,332.46 kg day for ammonia pollutant load, 385.90 kg/day for organic nitrogen pollutant load, 35,302.63 kg / day for nitrate pollutant load, 529.18 kg/day for organic P pollutant load, and 261.59 kg/ day for inorganic P polluter load.
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