KORELASI SIKLUS 11-TAHUN MATAHARI DENGAN TEMPERATUR PERMUKAAN LAUT EKUATORIAL PERIODE 1954 - 2019

• Main Author: Asasi, Rizki
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Astronomi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/47835
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

As the main provider of energy for Earth, the Sun plays an important role in the existence of life on Earth. The Sun’s radiative input drives atmospheric cycles on Earth which, in turn, determine the temperature distribution across the equatorial as well as polar regions. Research into the relationship between the Earth’s climate system and the Sun begins with the study of the Sun’s variability observed in different wavelengths, particularly in the visible and the ultraviolet, which is manifested in the periodic behavior of certain magnetic structures on its surface. Additionally, the effect of solar activity on Earth’s climate system is also recorded in the time series of atmospheric phenomena which are dependent upon energy input from the Sun, one of those phenomena relates to the measure of average oceanic surface temperatures which is recorded as sea surface temperature (SST) data. Solar activity cycles, such as the 11-year cycle that is characterized by the periodic fluctuation of sunspot numbers, are suspected of modulating SST data and birthing patterns that reflect the fluctuations occurring within those cycles. Based on this assumption, this final project attempts to establish the relationship between sunspot number data (obtained from the Solar Influences Data Analysis Center website) and SST data (obtained from the National Center for Atmospheric Research website) which cover the same period of January 1954 to February 2019 using a correlation analysis that involves the continuous and discrete wavelet transforms. It is found that the sunspot number data has a dominant periodicity of 8 to 11 years whereas the SST data has a dominant periodicity of 2 - 5 years. Further comparison between the frequency components of both data that pertain to these 2 period bands reveals a strong coherence in the 8 to 11-year period band, which is not as consistent as the coherence in the 2 to 5-year period band which shows a strong correlative relationship with the SST data being delayed by 31 months and a strong anticorrelative relationship with the SST data being delayed by 4 months.