EVALUATION OF SUBSIDY SCHEME POLICY ON PUBLIC TRANSPORT (CASE STUDY : KRL JABODETABEK)

• Main Author: Sugiarto, Azis
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Hak sipil dan politik
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/47914
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The Government through the Ministry of Transportation gave a special assignment to PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI) to carry out the obigation of providing transport services for economy class through the Public Service Obigation (PSO) program. PSO is a budget allocation that is included in the allocation of Government subsidies used, for the transportation sector. The scheme for calculating the amount of the subsidy is calculated from the difference in tariff between the government and PT. KCI multiplied by the target number of passengers using the service in a year based on the work plan submitted by the Operator. The work plan agreed between the Government and PT. KCI will be the operational policy of PT. KCI in running KRL Jabodetabek services. All additional operational activities carried out outside those approved in PT. KCI financing is borne by PT. KCI itself as the operator. This operational policy then has consequences as Operating Costs. With such a subsidy scheme, there will be uncertainty in budgeting the amount of Subsidies by the Government and revenue for operator. This is because the amount of the subsidy depends on the realization of an uncertain number of passengers. If the realization of the number of passengers exceeds the specified target, the government must increase the amount of subsidy to be paid. And vice versa if the realization of the number of passengers served during the budget year is less than the target, then there may also be a possibility that the operator will suffer losses. During the operation of KRL Jabodetabek services during 2017 experienced PT. KCI recorded the realization of the number of passengers at 107% of the target at the beginning of the year. While on the operational cost side, PT. KCI recorded a decrease in target due to efficiency. So that PT. KCI as the operator will receive income that is higher than the target set in terms of passenger income and subsidies on the passenger side and reduction of operational costs from savings in operating costs. Anomaly occurs when the increase in the number of passengers is not directly proportional to the increase in operational costs of Jabodetabek KRL services. An evaluation is conducted to analyze the effect of the realization of the number of passengers on the amount of subsidies from the government and operational costs of the operator by taking into account the quality of service (level of services) based on Minimum Service Standards (SPM). The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Jabodetabek KRL passenger travel, calculate train operating costs (BOKA), identify problems that arise in the application of Jabodetabek KRL subsidy schemes due to an increase in passenger numbers. The descriptive analytical method is expected to be able to provide an overview of the problems that occur. The scope of the discussion in this study is the analysis of the number of passengers carried out in the realization of 2017, analysis of train operating costs based on operating costs in the 2017 fiscal year, analysis of KRL Jabodetabek operational policies in the 2017 budget work plan, conducting an analysis of the amount of Subsidies based on Costs Jabodetabek KRL Railway Operation The realization of the number of passengers increased from 294,526,176 passengers to 315,853,991 passengers at the end of the year, reaching 107%. The amount of the subsidy from the number of passengers is Rp. 1,407,364,712,750, - or the operator gets a profit margin of 20.96%. In the current subsidy scheme, it has the potential to disrupt the sustainability of Jabodetabek KRL services because 80% - 90% of passengers realize the target will make Operators suffer losses, if the achievement of the target exceeds the target, the government pays more than the budgeted subsidy. From the results of the study it was found that the Operator has an obligation to improve service quality in accordance with the established SPM worth Rp. 22,439,592 / day or Rp. 8,190,451,427.29 / year for additional operational costs due to the realization of the number of passengers above the initial target set in the work plan.