OPTIMIZATION OF CALOPHYLLUM INOPHYLLUM SEEDS OIL AND RESIN SIMULTANEOUS EXTRACTION

• Main Author: Moh. Nur, Ahmad
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik (Rekayasa, enjinering dan kegiatan berkaitan)
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/47933
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) is a potential plant for fuel sources that can be developed in Indonesia, because its use will not compete with food interests. The content of nyamplung seed oil is 60-75%, and the resin content is quite high at 10-30%, thus increasing the variety of products produced from nyamplung seeds and can increase the value of their use. This study aims to optimize the extraction process of oil and resin from nyamplung seeds by using hexane and methanol solvents in various operating conditions and obtain optimal extraction operating conditions. There are four stages of the process in this study, namely preparation of raw materials, extraction processes, product purification, and product analysis. The main focus of this research is the extraction process. At this stage the extraction process will be carried out using two types of solvents (hexane-methanol) with several operating variations, namely: (1) extraction temperature (35-45oC); (2) extraction time (4-6 hours); (3) stirring speed (200-600 rpm), optimization of the extraction process of oil and resin from nyamplung seeds is carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The oil and resin obtained are then characterized through several analyzes. Analysis for oil is yield, amount of acid, density and viscosity, while analysis for resin is yield, and amount of acid. Based on the results of the study, optimizing the conditions of the oil extraction process and nyamplung seed resin simultaneously using hexane and methanol mixtures resulted in an oil yield of 52.43% and a 9.56% resin obtained at 40oC, 5 hours extraction time and stirring speed. 500 rpm. Optimization with the aim of maximizing the response of oil results obtained 55.33% at 45oC, extraction time of 6 hours and stirring speed of 600 rpm. Optimization with the aim of maximizing yield yield of 10.91% resin at 36.35°C, extraction time of 4 hours and stirring speed of 591.78 rpm. Optimization of each oil and resin quality does not produce a significant response model. The quality of oil results that are optimized simultaneously to produce oil is an acid number of 10.51 mgKOH / g, density of 0.94 g / ml, and viscosity of 4.47 cP, while for resins is the amount of acid 142.79 mgKOH / g.