TB4093 BIOENERGY AND CHEMURGY ENGINEERING RESEARCH II DEVELOPING ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORBENTS FROM PALM SHELL AND COCONUT SHELL FOR REMOVING AL(III) AND NI(II) CONTAINED IN BAUXITE MINING WASTEWATER
Bauxite miners activity produce waste as red mud that can pollute the water of the mine excavation. The phenomenon caused by the red mud that formed sediments on the bottom of the water, so the red mud metals such as aluminium and nickel dissolves in water. Method that can be used to remove Al(II...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/48332 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Bauxite miners activity produce waste as red mud that can pollute the water of the mine
excavation. The phenomenon caused by the red mud that formed sediments on the bottom
of the water, so the red mud metals such as aluminium and nickel dissolves in water.
Method that can be used to remove Al(III) and Ni(II) in red mud is adsorption using the
activated carbon as the adsorbent.
This research focuses on developing the activated carbon adsorbents from palm shells and
coconut shells to remove Al(III) and Ni(II) in red mud. Activated carbon was made from
charcoals that was prepared by pyrolysis of palm shells and coconut shells at temperature
of 400-500oC and then treated with acid wash using nitric acid and phosphoric acid at
concentrations of 8 M, 10 M and 12 M. Activated carbon that had been treated with acid
wash was characterized using a cation exchange capacity (CEC) test and the Brunauer-
Emmett-Teller (BET) test. Afterwards, the activated carbon was used to adsorb Al(III)
with the concentrations of 5.0 ppm, 7.5 ppm and 10.0 ppm and Ni(II) with concentrations
of 2.5 ppm, 5.0 ppm and 7.5 ppm. The adsorption process was done in a batch with an
adsorbent dose of 10 g / L in 50 mL of sample solution for 30 minutes. Measurement of
metal ion concentration after adsorption was done by atomic absorption spectroscopy
(AAS) test.
The research showed that the highest CEC value was obtained with acid wash treatment
using 10 M nitric acid on coconut shells charcoal is 2.6 mmol/g. Treatment of acid wash
can also increase the surface area from 95.66 m2/g to 362.23 m2/g on palm shells activated
carbon with the usage of 10 M nitric acid. Activated carbon can remove up to 48.37% Al
(III) and 83.46% Ni (II). The corresponding isotherm adsorption pattern for adsorption of
Al(III) and Ni(II) with activated carbon is the Freundlich isotherm.
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