TURPENTINE CONVERSION

• Main Author: Immanuel, Daniel
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/48343
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia is the third largest producer of pine sap derivatives in the world after China and Brazil, with a world market share of 8%. One of the many pine resin derivatives produced in Indonesia is turpentine, which is a pine oil essential oil consisting of various hydrocarbon compounds such as ?-pinene, ?-pinene, and ?-3-carene. Turpentine produced by Indonesian pine trees (Pinus merkusii) contains on average 80-90% ?-pinene, 8-12% ?-3-carene, 2-2,5% ?-pinene, and 0-0,5% other monoterpene compounds such as d-camphene, myrcene, and d-limonene. These compounds can be processed into high value derivative compounds such as terpineol, cineol, and borneol that have extra benefits. One of the most widely used turpentine derivatives is terpineol, widely used in the industrial world as a perfume ingredient, cleaning agent, disinfectant, and pharmaceutical product ingredients. Terpineol production from turpentine can be done with one-step process or two-step processes. So far, terpineol production from turpentine with one-step process is being developed for saving the production’s energy. The purpose of this research is investigating terpineol production from turpentine with one-step process using strong acid single catalyst, weak acid single catalyst, and combination catalyst. The acids used in this research are nitric acid, citric acid, and oxalic acid According to the experiments, the best single-catalyst used in terpineol production from turpentine with single-acid catalyst is oxalic acid with 8-hour duration, temperature 80?, and mole ratio of turpentine : acid : water is 1 : 5 : 40 with the terpineol yield of 44,43%-w. For the combination catalyst, the best catalyst is the combination of oxalic acid and nitric acid with 8-hour duration, temperatur 80?, and mole ratio of turpentine : oxalic acid : nitric acid : water is 1 : 3 : 0,5 : 30 with the terpineol yield of 41,06%-w