AKTIVITAS PENGHAMBATAN ENZIM ?-GLUKOSIDASE DAN ?-AMILASE SECARA IN VITRO PADA EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN, KULIT BUAH, DAN BIJI ALPUKAT (PERSEA AMERICANA MILLER.) BESERTA FRAKSI TERPILIHNYA

• Main Author: Ristiawati, Nonik
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/48366
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive disease of metabolic disorders in carbohydrate and fat metabolism characterized by reduced insulin and insulin resistance or both. Moreover, DM is defined by a condition of hyperglycemia. One approach in diabetes treatment is by slowing down glucose absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, it can be achieved by inhibition of hydrolyzing enzymes such as ?-glucosidase and ?-amylase so the absorption of glucose becomes slow. Avocado plants (Persea americana Miller.) have properties as antidiabetic. The purpose of this research was to determine the potential of extract of leaves, rinds, and avocado seeds as inhibitors of ?- glucosidase and ?-amylase. Crude drugs of leaves, rinds and avocado seeds were extracted with ethanol solvent using the reflux method. Characterization and monitoring of extracts were carried out. Testing of ?-glucosidase and ?-amylase inhibitory activity was carried out on extracts by in vitro. IC50 values of testing the inhibition activity of the ?-glucosidase enzyme of ethanol extract of leaves, rinds, and avocado seeds were 48.54 ?/ml, 55.79 ?g/ml, and 40.55 ?g/ml respectively and IC50 values of acarbose was 0.73 ?g/ml. Then the three extracts were fractionated by the Liquid- Liquid Extraction (LLE) method using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water solvents. The ethyl acetate fraction of avocado leaves was chosen because it had the highest percentage inhibition value and IC50 value was 68.76 ?g/ml. IC50 values of testing the inhibition activity of the ?-amylase enzyme of ethanol extract of leaves, rinds, and avocado seeds were 69.01 ?g/ml, 84.29 ?g/ml, dan 65.23 ?g/ml respectively and IC50 values of acarbose was 0.91 ?g/ml. The ethyl acetate fraction of avocado leaves was chosen because it had the highest percentage inhibition value and IC50 value was 49.31 ?g/ml. So, ethanol extract of leaves, rinds, avocado seeds, and ethyl acetate fraction of avocado leaves were active as inhibitor of ?-glucosidase and ?-amylase.