VITAMIN E EXTRACTION FROM MAGNESIUM-PALM FATTY ACID DISTILLATE (MG-PFAD) SOAP

• Main Author: Putri, Salsafia
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/48589
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Vitamin E is an antioxidant that can be extracted from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD). The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of types of organic solvents (isopropanol, ethanol and hexane), the number of extraction stages, and an increase in the ratio of solvents to Mg-PFAD from 3 to 4 grams of solvent / gram MgPFAD on concentration of vitamin E, the amount of free fatty acids, and antioxidant activity of vitamin E concentrate. The stages of the research began with saponification of PFAD to produce Mg-PFAD soap, then the extraction process with an immersion method (direct solvent extraction) and concentrating the extract to produce concentrate. Based on the results of the study, the highest levels of vitamin E were obtained respectively in isopropanol (467-784 ppm), hexane (307-574 ppm) and ethanol (92-136 ppm). Obtaining the most vitamin E in succession was found in hexane, isopropanol, and ethanol of 15.7 - 34.9; 11.0 - 15.5; and 2.9 - 11.4 mg of tocopherol / 100 mg of tocopherol in Mg-PFAD, which is proportional to the decrease in the polarity index of the solvent. Comparison of tocopherol content with free fatty acids or the best solvent selectivity are respectively owned by isopropanol (0.51-0.78 mg tocopherol / g FFA), hexane (0.31-0.57 mg tocopherol / g FFA) and ethanol (0.08-0.14 mg tocopherol / g FFA). In general, an increase in the ratio of the solvent used in extraction increases the acquisition of vitamin E in the concentrate. The addition of the extraction stage significantly increased the acquisition of tocopherol for hexane and ethanol, while the effect for isopropanol was not significant. Based on the analysis of antioxidant activity on isopropanol variation samples, it was found that vitamin E levels were not directly proportional to the antioxidant activity in the sample and had a value of %IC (Inhibitory Concentration) in the range of 1.3 - 79.2% for solutions with 500 ppm concentrate. This is thought to be due to the influence of other antioxidants contained in PFAD such as squalene and phytosterols.