ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES OF SOIL BACTERIA CITINOPHAGA RIZOSPHERE FROM DJUANDA FOREST PARK

• Main Author: Diniresna, Aih
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/49124
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia as one of the countries that has tropical rain forest ecosystems which has the highest biodiversity in the world, high biodiversity of flora, fauna and microorganisms results in an abundance of natural resources that have the potential to produce secondary metabolites which can be used as a source of lead compound for natural medicines which have potential anti microbial activity. One of the main sources of antibiotic production is soil bacteria, which are microorganisms isolated from the soil, several antibiotics that have been found and used include streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and erythromycin. Apart from being an antibiotic, soil bacteria also produce other compounds that have activities such as cytotoxic, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anti-fungal. Based on previous research, as many as 3000 bacterial isolates from 57 genera were reported from various soil samples and 33 other genera were obtained from samples of dry leaf piles, streaks, and various other vegetation remains. One of the soil bacteria that will be studied is an antibiotic-producing line of the genus Chitinophaga, first discovered in groundwater and trash by Sangkhobol and Skerman. The genus Chitinophaga are aerobic, gram-negative, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria contain several secondary metabolites which vary widely, including: polyketide, dipeptide, glycopeptide, polypeptide, alkaloid and terpenes. Where these secondary metabolites have been reported to have bioactivity as antibiotics, antibacterials and antifungals. In this study, the isolation and characterization of secondary metabolites from soil bacterium Chitinophaga rizosphere from Djuanda Forest Park were carried out, cytotoxic tests antibacterial tests, which have not been previously reported. This study consisted of two stages, namely isolation and cultivation of bacteria followed by isolation and purification of secondary metabolites using a series of chromatographic techniques. Harvesting the results of Chitinophaga rhizosphere cultivation in 15 L of liquid media was carried out at the optimal time, which is 7 days. The mycelia were separated from the liquid media using a Buechner funnel, the liquid-liquid extraction was carried out using ethyl acetate in order to obtain the ethyl acetate extract against the mycelia lysed with acetone and then extracted solid liquid with ethyl acetate then the two extracts were combined and obtained as much as 8.9 g . In this study 4 pure compounds were isolated, further characterization was carried out based on 1D (1H and 13C), 2D (HSQC and HMBC) and MS NMR spectroscopic data analysis while bacterial characterization was carried out based on partial genetic analysis in the microbiological division of LIPI characterized as soil bacteria Chitinophaga rhizosphere, with a homology rate of 98.6%. The four pure compounds were identified as docosan which is a long-chain alkane group, 1,3 diacyl glyceride which is a fatty acid derivative, cyclo leucyl-proline as a cyclo-dipeptide derivative and 2 phenylacetic acid. Of the four active compounds that have bioactivity, namely: 2 phenyl acetic acid, which shows activity against E. Faecalis, S. Saprophyta, S. Enterica and P. Mirabilis, and the cycloleusylproline compound has activity against S. aureus.