DESIGN HIGH-TEMPERATURE GAS REACTOR (HTGR) FOR REMOTE AREAS BASED ON STUDY OF COMPARISON OF ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND DESALINATION OF SEAWATER USING VARIOUS TYPES OF ENERGY SOURCES

• Main Author: Yuningsih, Nining
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/49437
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

In 2018, Indonesia has an electrification ratio of 98.30%. Some regions have reached electrification ratios of more than 90% are Sumatra, Java, Bali, and others. While the East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) region has an electrification ratio of 61.90%. Determination of the Cost of Providing (BPP) the generation of PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara for remote areas such as NTT, parts of Maluku are much larger than large areas such as Java. And addition, the Bali and Nusa Tenggara regions have other problems, namely low rainfall so that surface water supplies in the NTT region are also low. One area that has low rainfall is the Sabu Raijua district. On the other hand, nuclear energy shows a fairly good development. One of the reactors currently being developed is HTGR, a reactor that can be used not only for electricity generation but also for various applications such as hydrogen production, high-temperature process heat supply, district heating, and desalination. So the purpose of this research is to design a nuclear power plant with an HTGR reactor type that can be applied in remote areas to solve problems in terms of electrification ratio and BPP generation, but also be able to solve problems in terms of the availability of clean water. Analysis of electrical power needs and the amount of water-based on the needs of Kabuapu Sabu Raijua listed in the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) data. Analysis of power plants with various energy sources using The Desalination Economic Evaluation Program (DEEP) version DEEP-5. The options used for electricity generation are different fuels (nuclear, oil, coal) and desalination options namely Multi-Effect Distillation (MED), Multi-Stage Flash (MSF), Reverse Osmosis (RO). The reactor design calculation method used in this study is the Standard Reactor Analysis Code System (SRAC) program and uses the Japanese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library (JENDL) 4.0 as a nuclear data library. The HTGR design uses modified geometry sizes, fuel enrichment, and power from HTTR. Modifications are tailored to the design requirements used for remote areas such as Sabu Raijua in NTT. The results show that nuclear power plants have the lowest costs followed by coal and oil or gas energy sources. Besides, clean water from seawater desalination using the MED and RO method has the lowest costs when using nuclear power plants. While the high costs are owned by the MSF method by using gas or oil power plants. The maximum age of a power plant of 60 years is a nuclear power plant using a steam cycle while the shortest power plant age is a gas or oil power plant with an age of 25 years. The lowest carbon dioxide gas emissions were nuclear power plants by 0,029 and the largest emissions were coal energy sources by 1,1. The HTGR design that was carried out was to modify the HTTR geometry with several sizes and various kinds of fuel enrichment. As a result, HTGR designs have different optimal operating times for each type of geometry.