POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN TUMBUHAN MARGA ALPINIA, CURCUMA, DAN ZINGIBER (SUKU ZINGIBERACEAE) DALAM KOSMETIKA SEBAGAI PENGHAMBAT ENZIM TIROSINASE

• Main Author: Novianti Halim, Carissa
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/49909
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The genera Alpinia, Curcuma, and Zingiber are the plant genus of Zingiberaceae family that have the most pharmacological activity and are used as traditional medicine for skin. One of the activities is as a skin whitening in a way of inhibiting tyrosinase activity. The purpose of this research is to explore information about the potential for the development of cosmetics with active ingredients from the genus Alpinia, Curcuma, Zingiber as inhibitors of tyrosinase enzyme and to screening the activity of rhizome extracts, destillation pulp, and essential oils from one of the Zingiberaceae tribe plants in inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase enzyme. The experiments conducted with red galangal and white galangal simplicia powder were divided into two sample groups are first, crude rhizome was distilled with essential oil then extracted with ethanol and second, the crude rhizome was extracted directly with ethanol. The rhizome was extracted by reflux method using 96% ethanol solvent. Rhizomes are distilled by steam distillation to obtain essential oil and distillation pulp is extracted with ethanol. Essential oils are characterized by their component compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Rhizome extract, rhizome pulp extract, and essential oils, prevent the activity of the tyrosinase enzyme. Red galangal extract provides the most powerful inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme activity which is 56.955 ± 0.771% at 300 ppm. Based on the results of the literature review, the active compounds of the plants which have been shown to provide tyrosinase inhibitory activity are kaempferol and galangin compounds from Alpinia officinarum Hance, curcumenol from Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb., curcumin from Curcuma longa L., (1E, 4E, 6E) -1,7-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3- one from Zingiber cassumunar Roxb., and 4-(2',4'-dihydroxphenyl)-(E)-3-buten-2-one from Zingiber officinale Rosc.