BIOREMEDIATION OF SYNTHETIC AZO DYES USING MARASMIUS SP. LACCASE

• Main Author: Maladewi, Anjani
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/51613
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Azo dye is one of several type of synthetic dyes that are difficult to be degraded with natural process, and has a dangerous potential of becoming a toxic waste. There are methods that can be used to degrade azo dyes in less harmful ways, one of the method is called bioremediation. The process of azo dye bioremediation can be done by using a basidiomycetes Marasmius sp. (white rot fungi). Specifically, the laccase enzyme that are produces by Marasmius sp. can be used to degrade azo compound, so it become less toxic in wastewater. This research’s aim is to determine the optimal condition needed by Marasmius sp. to produce laccase enzyme in order to achieve a high percentage of azo dye degradation. The impact of pH variations and inoculum size are going to be observed. Three azo dyes –congo red (? = 497nm), sudan black (? = 580nm), and direct blue (? = 607nm) -- will be used as sample in this research. Marasmius sp. will be inoculated to 100mL Kirk medium with three pH variations (4, 5, and 6) and three different inoculum size (1%, 5%, dan 10% (106 cells/mL). Marasmius sp. will undergo 6 days incubation with 100 mL textile wastewater samples in room temperature (25°C). Absorbance data of each azo dye will be used for qualitative analysis. As the result of the observation, 91% of congo red dye has been degraded with 1.22%ppm/h rate of degradation in pH 5 medium with 5% inoculum size, 87% of sudan black dye has been degraded with 0.94% ppm/h rate of degradation in pH 5 medium with 5% inoculum size, and 94% of direct blue dye has been degraded with 1.22%ppm/h rate of degradation in pH 5 medium with 10% inoculum size. The pH affects laccase’s ability to degrade aromatic compound in azo dye, and inoculum size affect the amount of laccase produced and the amount of azo dye being absorbed by the mycelium of the fungi. From the result we can conclude that the optimal condition needed by Marasmius to degrade congo red, sudan black, and direct blue azo dye is on pH 5 medium with 5% inoculum size for congo red dye and sudan black dye, and 10% inoculum for direct blue dye.