THE CHARACTERISTIC OF INTERACTION PATTERN BETWEEN FISHERMEN AND MIDDLEMEN (TAUKE) IN EXCHANGE THEORY PERSPECTIVE (STUDY AT LINGGA REGENCY, RIAU ISLANDS PROVINCE)

• Main Author: Edwin Normande, Bob
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/51711
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Lingga Regency in Riau Islands Province is a coastal region that has various marine and fisheries potentials to support regional development. However, there are various problems that make the existing marine and fisheries potentials have not yet playing an optimal role. One of the main targets in the development of coastal areas is to create prosperity for coastal communities. It is also a commitment to create integrated and comprehensive of coastal zone and ocean management. Various data show that the level of community welfare in coastal areas and small islands is still relatively low, especially in fishing communities (fishermen). This happens due to fishermen still facing various barriers, one of which is economic barrier. This barrier in the lives of fishermen give rise to interaction patterns between fishermen and middlmen that are typical in coastal areas. As for the middlemen, there are many who play the role of “tauke” (boss). Those difficulties experienced by fishermen to obtain capital and fulfill their daily needs cause fishermen to rely on middlemen (tauke). This interaction often raises various problems in fisheries activities and the achievement of community welfare. Given the importance of the fisheries sector and various challenges in its development, it is necessary to analyze the interactions between fishermen and middlemen (tauke). This becomes a priority because the interaction of fishermen and middlemen (tauke) is considered to be one of the keys to support the successful governance of marine and fisheries resources and development in coastal areas. This research aims to explain the impact of substantive values (socio-cultural values) in the interaction pattern that occured between fishermen and middlemen (tauke) and their correlation with with coastal community welfare in Lingga Regency-Riau Islands Province based on exchange theory perspective. This qualitative research approach was conducted in Lingga Regency-Riau Islands Province. Interactions between fishermen and middlemen (tauke) were analyzed through case studies with an ethnographic perspective. Generally, the attention of interaction between fishermen and middlemen (tauke) is focused on the exchange of economic values (formal approach), however this study looks at the exchange of socio-cultural values (substantive approach). Existing values are identified by the method of analysis through a multi-criteria participatory approach assessment in the interaction of various dimensions involved in sustainable fisheries systems. Value exchanges are also identified through governance aspects as well as historical and cultural insights. Then, the found values analyzed using the value orientation approach. Through the process of analyzing the values exchange in the interaction between fishermen and middlemen (tauke), the research results are obtained in the form of four categories of values, namely: responsibility, well-being, trust, and openness. These substantive values have become entrenched values of social behavior. These values are social capital which is useful for empowering coastal communities and supporting the development of the fisheries sector. Policy implications that can be made for optimizing the potential of marine and fisheries resources in Lingga Regency include: implementing marine and fisheries governance by considering various aspects of the dimensions in the sustainability of the fisheries system and the development goals; carrying out integrated coastal zone and ocean management; striving to increase the capacity of fishermen; providing assistance for increasing the capacity of middlemen (tauke); developing and improving the capture fisheries business by completing the facilities and infrastructures of capturing those activities for fishermen and businessesmen; and utilizing community-based fisheries management in Lingga Regency for monitoring and supervising activities related to the utilization of marine and fisheries resources. Keywords: capture fisheries policy, coastal development, exchange, fisheries governance, social capital, substantive value.