EVALUATION OF TECHNICAL STANDARDS (NATIONAL TECHNICAL STANDARD) IN EFFORTS TO PREVENT FIRE HAZARDS IN TRADITION AND CULTURE BASED BUILDINGS CASE STUDY: TEMPLES IN CHINATOWN AREA, SEMARANG

• Main Author: Vaniessa Tampubolon, Meta
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Arsitektur
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/52042
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Fire hazard is an unpredictable disaster and can occur anytime and anywhere with the risk of destroying buildings and the value of authenticity contained in them. In the temple building, the activities carried out are not far from the use of fire in the building. Worship, ceremonies, traditions, and offerings, have sources of fire that are always there and in various forms. It is necessary to take preventive measures to minimize the possibility of a fire disaster that occurs in the building. Precautions are generally regulated by safety standards. Unfortunately, not all of these standards can be applied to temple buildings in the Chinatown area. The temples that are scattered in the Chinatown area are cultural heritage buildings. In the technical safety standard, the temple is classified as class 9b, which is a type of meeting building, which includes religious buildings. In the technical standard for this class of buildings, there are seven variables that need to be assessed for their application in each temple in the Chinatown area. These variables are five for passive security systems: construction, separation walls, compartmentalization, protection and openings, and electrical safety systems, and two for environmental and building access points, namely: environmental and building access points and yard hydrants. The assessment was carried out by means of descriptions and rubrics from the results of observations and interviews with informants who are involved in the culture and customs of the temple. The description results are linked to the rules of feng shui culture to find possible measures related to fire hazard prevention. After that, a statistical count was carried out with the JMP program to find the average of the preventive measures at each temple in the Chinatown area. The results found two actions that needed to be intervened in the Chinatown area temple, namely: first, improvements to variables that had not been carried out at all in each temple, such as the provision of yard hydrants, in the form of water sources for fire disaster management, electrical safety systems, which were only attached to buildings without there is security, and protection of openings in the form of evacuation routes and possible protection. The second is an increase, namely upgrading of existing variables but still not meeting standards, such as construction, and environmental access points to buildings. Considering that the temple building in the Chinatown area is a cultural heritage, the results of recommendations for corrective actions and improving the quality of prevention still prioritize and maintain the authenticity of the materials, aesthetics, and historical value of the building.