PRODUKSI BIOKOMPOSIT DARI BIOSLUDGE ANAEROBIC DIGESTION MATERIAL ECENG GONDOK (EICCHORNIA CRASSIPES (MART.)SOLMS) HASIL FITOREMEDIASI LIMBAH DENGAN KANDUNGAN KROMIUM

• Main Author: Marsaulina, Gabriella
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik (Rekayasa, enjinering dan kegiatan berkaitan)
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/52294
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Phytoremediation with water hyacinth plants is carried out to overcome high chromium level in liquid waste from the leather tanning industry. The water hyacinth from the phytoremediation process is reused for anaerobic digestion which produces biogas and biosludge. This study aims to determine the effect of anaerobic digestion on the reduction of the amount of chromium in water hyacinth resulted from phytoremediation, to determine the best composition of cow dung to produce biogas, and to utilize biosludge from the anaerobic digestion process as a biocomposite material. In this study, the anaerobic digestion of water hyacinth was carried out for 33 days in a biodigester (19 L of volume). The composition of the biodigester was varied into 100% wet water hyacinth, 100% cow dung, 100% dry water hyacinth, and 80% water hyacinth with the addition of 20% cow dung. The biosludge from anaerobic digestion process is used for making biocomposite with a mixture of cement and water. The composition of the biocomposite was varied into 75% cement and 25% biosludge (P2); 50% cement and 50% biosludge (P3); and 25% cement and 75% biosludge (P4), meanwhile the water composition in the biocomposite was adjusted based on the mass ratio for water / biosludge, which is 1.75. The analyzes carried out were the chromium test, lignocellulose test, biocomposite compressive strength test and biocomposite water absorption test. The chromium content test on water hyacinth and biosludge was carried out by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) at a wavelength of 357.9 nm with the results showing that there was a decrease in the amount of chromium in the substrate after anaerobic digestion process. The average chromium content value in biosludge for the composition of 100% water hyacinth (15.979 mg/L) and in biosludge for the composition of 80% water hyacinth with the addition of 20% cow dung (14.861 mg/L) is smaller than the average chromium content value in water hyacinth without undergoing anaerobic digestion process (41,964 mg/L). The test for lignocellulose content in water hyacinth and biosludge was carried out using the Chesson-Datta method with the results showing that the lignin content in the biosludge of 100% water hyacinth (17,503%) and of 80% water hyacinth with the addition of 20% cow manure (18.110%) are smaller than the lignin content in water hyacinth without undergoing anaerobic digestion process (20.226%). Biodigester with a composition of 80% water hyacinth and 20% cow dung produces a higher average volume of biogas than the 100% water hyacinth composition, which is 0.424 L. The biocomposite sample with a composition of 75% cement and 25% biosludge (P2) has a compressive strength value of 30.598 MPa, which is greater than the compressive strength of the control sample (100% cement) which is 26 MPa and also the minimum compressive strength of SNI which is 10 MPa . The biocomposite with a composition of 75% cement and 25% biosludge (P2) has a water absorption capacity of 37.252%, which is slightly higher than the minimum water absorption capacity of SNI which is 35%. So it can be concluded that the biocomposite with a composition of 75% cement and 25% biosludge can be used as an alternative ingredient for rooster.