LEUIT, SAUNG LISUNG, AND GOAH ANALYSIS IN THE AGRICULTURAL CULTURE OF SUNDA KASEPUHAN CIPTAGELAR TRADITIONAL SOCIETY AS AN EFFORT TO KEEP FOOD SECURITY

• Main Author: Nisa Aulia, Afina
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/52900
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

In simple terms, food security can be defined as the fulfillment of food needs in every household. In this case, the traditional Sundanese people, one of which is the Sundanese Kasepuhan Ciptagelar, is considered to have achieved food independence where each of this community's family has sufficient food availability, even for the next few years. It is because this community still applies traditional rules that have been carried out for hundreds of years since the time of their ancestors. These rules include planting techniques, storing crops in the leuit (barn), pounding rice in the saung lisung, storing and cooking rice in the goah (cooking area), and eating regulations. Based on this understanding, the Researcher tried to see the relationship that exists from the application of ancestral traditions in the utilization of these three traditional buildings with the achievement of food security in the Sundanese Kasepuhan Ciptagelar community; as well as what meaning does the existence of leuit, saung lisung and goah have in an effort to maintain food security for the Sundanese Kasepuhan Ciptagelar people. In order to achieve the objectives of this research, this research was included in ethnographic research in which to understand the meaning of a cultural artifact, it was necessary to observe daily activities related to rice and rice processing in Sunda Kasepuhan Ciptagelar. The results of these observations were then analyzed based on the theory of The Meaning of Environment and Architecture, which states that understanding the meaning of the environment is important so that the physical environment such as buildings can be identified functionally, as well as the value and meaning of their existence. This theory then supported by the theory of Space and Distance which states that space has a unique quality where space is able to "command", focus on human intentions, experiences, and actions spatially. Based on data collection techniques and data analysis techniques, this study used descriptive qualitative as research methodology. The results of the study found that the efforts made by the community in order to be able to maintain food security were: 1) With a strategic position of leuit, saung lisung, and goah, there was an even distribution of food sources throughout Kampung Gede; 2) There is a system that works and is well implemented, namely: a system for selecting land and seeds; an orderly and environmentally friendly planting system; a good harvesting system accompanied by a sharing system for the poor; the careful pounding system; calculating cooking system; and self-control systems during food consumption; 3) The use of traditional designs in the form of buildings and tools that have been tested to maintain balance and food sovereignty among the Sundanese Kasepuhan Ciptagelar people; 4) Implementing the concept of portion control or the concept of controlling portions in terms of food, starting from the pre-planting process to the time of eating; 5) There is full attention from the customary government, namely Sesepuh Girang, who is able to manage the community well and is able to anticipate quickly if a case of food shortage is found. After understanding the efforts made by the Sundanese Kasepuhan Ciptagelar people in maintaining food security through the leuit, saung lisung, and goah, it could also be understood what the meaning of the existence of these three traditional buildings is as one unit. By using the theory of the meaning of environment and architecture as well as the theory of supporting space and distance, the researcher concludes that these three traditional buildings are an integrated unit in terms of food which has an intermediate level meaning, namely the meaning of hidden strength where leuit, saung lisung, and goah have the ability to directing human behavior, in this case towards food. Thus the role of the existence of the leuit, saung lisung, and goah for the Sundanese Kasepuhan Ciptagelar community is as a form of social institution.