EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BAECKEA FRUTESCENSL. LEAVES AND OCIMUM BASILICUM SEEDS ON MELANOGENESIS OF B16F10 MELANOMA CELLS AND HYPERPIGMENTATION-INDUCED GUINEA PIGS

• Main Author: Rakhmawati, Irvani
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/52931
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Hyperpigmentation is the darkening area of skin caused by increasing melanin expression that can be caused by excessive exposure to the UV radiation. The UV radiation can increase tyrosinase production which plays an important role in melanin synthesis. Jungrahab (B. frutescens) leaves and basil (O. basilicum) seeds are two plants part that have potential to inhibit tyrosinase activity so that melanin synthesis will be reduced. This research’s aim is to study the antihyperpigmentation effect of the ethanol extract of jungrahab leaves and basil seeds. Other objective of this research is to develop hyperpigmentation animal model. The active compounds in basil seeds and jungrahab leaves were extracted in 95% ethanol by maceration method. The effect of the extracts on melanogenesis was tested on B16F10 melanoma cells and the expression of the proteins involved in melanogenesis were determined using Western Blot analysis. Hyperpigmentation was induced on the backs of brownish guinea pigs by daily UVB radiation for 12 days, the UVB intensity was 3.6 mW/cm 2 . Jungrahab leaves and basil seeds extracts and arbutin as a standard were formulated into cream dosage form. Those creams were applied topically on hyperpigmented area for 14 days. The skin melanin level of each site of application was determined using Mexameter. The four creams stabilty were evaluated through organoleptic, pH, and viscosity examination. Its safety were evaluated through skin and eye irritation test in rabbit. Results showed that the ethanol extracts of jungrahab leaves and basil seeds could inhibit melanogenesis with percentage of inhibition increased by the increase of extracts’s concentration. The extracts also reduced the expression of Tyr, TRP-1, and TRP-2 proteins involved in melanogenesis. The hyperpigmentation animal model was developed in this research showed by the significantly (p<0.05) increased of melanin levels after 12 days of UVB radiation. The creams containing 5 and 10 % of ethanol extracts of jungrahab leaves or basil seeds significantly (p<0.05) decreased skin melanin content after 14 days of application. During 28 days of storage the extracts creams showed stable pH and good organoleptic profile. All three extract creams also showed stable viscosity for 28 days of storage, but test the cream containing 10% of jungrahab showed decreased viscosity. Those creams showed slight irritation potency indicated by its primary cutaneous index irritation <0.5; on eye irritation test the cream containing 10% of jungrahab has irritation effect on rabbit’s eye. Hyperpigmentation animal model can be induced on brownish guinea pig using UVB radiation (3.6 mW/cm 2 for 10 minutes). The ethanol extracts of jungrahab iv leaves and basil seeds are potential to inhibit melanin synthesis and had effect in reducing hyperpigmentation at a minimum concentration of 5%.