THE EFFECT OF TREE SPECIES RICHNESS AND NOISE LEVEL ON BIRD SPECIES COMPOSITION IN THEMATIC PARK OF BANDUNG CITY, WEST JAVA

• Main Author: Angelina Silitonga, Sarah
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Ilmu hayati ; Biologi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/52962
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Bandung City has a low percentage of green open space, which is 12,15% of the total area of the city. City park is one of green open space kind with the highest total area (218.07Ha) which is mostly managed as thematic park while considering its ecological and aesthetic functions. Those functions can be realized through the existence of trees and birds. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the effect of trees species richness on bird species richness, identify the effect of noise level on bird species richness and determine the main factors affecting bird species composition in thematic parks in Bandung, West Java. This research was conducted in Taman Ganesha, Taman Cibeunying and Taman Panatayuda. Trees species richness data is taken using the count method. Data on species richness and number of individual birds were collected by using the fixed radius point count method, which was carried out for 20 minutes at 06.00-08.00 am according to local time. Noise level is measured using a sound level meter every 2 minutes which is done simultaneously with bird watching. In this study, it is found that Taman Ganesha with 23 tree species and Taman Cibeunying with 10 species of trees were able to support the existence of birds with various feeding guild compositions, namely frugivorous, insectivorous, granivorous and nectarivorous. Meanwhile, Panatayuda Park with 8 tree species is only able to support the existence of birds from frugivorous, insectivorous and granivorous feeding guild. Judging from the noise level, statistical tests prove that there is a significant difference in the average noise level at three locations. Taman Panatayuda with the highest noise level (70.667dB), has the highest abundance of cosmopolitan bird species composition. A different thing is found in Taman Ganesha with the lowest noise level (66,703dB). Based on this research, it can be concluded that the bird species richness in thematic parks increases along with the increasing number of trees species richness. Meanwhile, the dominant bird species found in thematic parks in the Bandung City, West Java, come from insectivorous groups. The closeness of noise source to the thematic parks and the lack of noise blocking tree species has result in a decreasing bird species richness and the dominance of cosmopolitan bird species. Based on the CCA (Canonical Correspondence Analysis) test, tree species richness in thematic parks in Bandung City, West Java has a greater influence on the composition and richness of bird species found.