COMPARATIVE STUDY EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT AIRPORT TERMINAL STRUCTURE USING LEAD RUBBER BEARING BASE ISOLATION WITH CONVENTIONAL FIXED-BASE STRUCTURE SYSTEM

• Main Author: Joshua, Levi
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/53001
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Structures that are able to withstand earthquakes are structures that are designed to have the ability to dissipate the energy of the incoming earthquake. The most commonly used energy dissipation system is that it allows plastic hinges to form in certain structural elements. However, if the earthquake force energy is dissipated through the plastic hinge in certain structural elements, there will be a decrease in the lateral stiffness of the structure and damage to the structural elements will be formed. The concept of dissipation through the plastic hinge of the main structural elements, such as beams, will cause obstacles after an earthquake, especially in structures that have vital functions, such as life-line buildings and shelter buildings. This is crucial because after the earthquake the building is expected to continue operating without the need for repairs which could lead to downtime. One of the earthquake-resistant structure system technologies that can be applied to earthquake-resistant buildings is the base isolation system. The base isolation system is an instrumentation system that is mounted on the base of the structure which is able to dissipate energy and change the natural period of the structure as a whole. The isolation system can be designed in such a way that it can change the dynamic response of the structure to earthquake loads. This system can be considered for use if the dynamic response of the structure is greater in the short structural period (frequency content in local earthquakes) and the structure has a low natural period. For example, is an airport terminal building which generally has a building height of less than 5 floors. There have been many types of isolator instruments developed in this era, one of which is lead rubber bearings that are made of rubber and steel which have special configurations. This LRB isolator has the ability to deform horizontally and the ability to dissipate energy which is quite effective. This study specifically examined the effect of the LRB insulator on a structure. Isolated structures will be compared to conventional fixed-base structures without base isolation. In addition, this study will also examine the different effects of intermediate and special reinforcement requirements on reinforced concrete beam and column elements on the performance of buildings that have been equipped with base isolation systems. The building model used in this study refers to the structural design document of the Kulon Progo Airport Terminal, Yogyakarta. This airport structure is a reinforced concrete building consisting of 1 partial basement floor, 3 floors; with function of ground floor; mezzanine floor, and departure floor, and a steel roof frame. The structure is designed with a Special Moment Resisting Frame System (SMRF). This structure is located in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta with moderate soil conditions. In this study, 3 types of structure systems were modeled, namely; conventional structure system with special moment resisting reinforcement that is not isolated, isolated structure system with special moment resisting reinforcement, and isolated structure system with intermediate moment resisting reinforcement. In this study, response spectrum analysis and nonlinear analysis of earthquake were used. The response spectrum procedure is carried out in accordance with the provisions of SNI 1726-2012 article 12.6 and is used at the preliminary design stage of the base isolation system. Nonlinear analysis procedure of earthquake time history will be carried out in accordance with the provisions of SNI 1726-2012 article 12.3. The nonlinear analysis procedure of earthquake time history is used as an evaluation of the design results of buildings with base isolation systems. In this study, 7 (seven) pairs of earthquake history that have been scaled to the designbased earthquake (DBE) and the maximum considered earthquake (MCE) of the response spectra of Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. The parameters measured from the nonlinear analysis of earthquake time history include the comparison of the dynamic response (i.e. basic shear force, structure displacement, and floor acceleration), and the comparison of structural and non-structural performance. Structure performance is defined by categories: operational, immediate occupancy, life safety, and collapse prevention as defined by ASCE 41, FEMA 356, ATC-40, and SEAOC, 2000. Furthermore, this study will also compare the cost requirements of structural materials between conventional sandwiched structures and special moment-bearing structure systems with isolated structure systems with intermediate moment bearer reinforcement. The calculation of material cost estimates is carried out using the unit price analysis approach of the total material requirements for beam, column and slab elements in the structure.