COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, DATABASE, AND USER INTERFACE ON IOT-BASED WATER USAGE MONITORING SYSTEM IN ITB CAMPUS PUBLIC TOILET

• Main Author: Messa Sirao Pramudito, Yedija
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/53232
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Water is a natural resource that plays an important role in human life. Indonesia is an archipelago with large water resources. It is only natural that the community has a lot of water potential, but in fact, the amount that can be consumed is still far from effective for distribution under current conditions. On the other hand, waste of clean water is a classic problem that has been overheard too often and efforts are still being made to find solutions so that it does not result in bad things such as land subsidence, flooding, and water scarcity. Climate change has an impact on a wider scope, which is the world. According to UNESCO (2019), in 2030 there will be 24 million people in arid areas and 700 million people in semi-arid areas who will be affected by the water crisis. According to UNICEF (2017), in 2040 there will be a water crisis that will impact ¼ the total number of children in the world. According to the United Nations in 2018, more than 2 billion people will experience high water stress. From these facts, in less than 10 years there is an exponential increase in the predicted number of people affected. West Java Province's Clean Water Statistics in 2017 also shows that the production and distribution capacity of water in Bandung tends to remain constant, which is around 2,300 liters per second. Meanwhile, PDAM customers in Bandung increased by more than 8000 people in 5 years. With water distribution that tends unable to keep up with exponential demographic growth, especially with the fact that clean water distribution is only increasing in Bandung, equitable distribution of clean water needs to be considered for the benefit of the population. With water distribution that tends not to keep up with exponential demographic growth, equitable distribution of clean water needs to be considered for the sake of the welfare of the population. This final project is intended as a means to be a holistic solution not only to save water in the present but also to assist decisions regarding the distribution of clean water in the future. The solution we propose is to create an "Internet of Things-based Water Usage Monitoring System" that can be used in Public Toilets of the ITB Campus. The making of this system is based on the needs of clients, namely clean water managers at ITB, whom we interviewed at the beginning of the study. The problem that needs to be resolved is user negligence which causes water waste that often occurs in the public toilets of the building on the Ganesha ITB campus, especially in public lecture buildings, namely GKU Barat, GKU Timur, Gedung Oktagon, and the TVST Building. We found other iv problems such as untimely watering, leaks, and the minimum number of personnel in a building. This system solution facilitates clean water managers to limit the use of clean water by installing automatic taps and a monitoring system to find out specific water usage. Internet of Things (hereinafter abbreviated as IoT) is a concept used for a set of objects or tools that can be installed with various sensors, and connected with software and other technologies using the Internet network as a communication channel. The general specifications of this solution are the ability to turn off water automatically when not in use and the ability to obtain and calculate clean water usage data per user. Hopefully, this solution can be integrated with toilets in a building with different locations. This system is divided into three major subsystems, namely the Payment System, the Smart Wastafel System, and the User Interface System. The Payment System is for unregistered users to use water flow which will later be recorded as “Guest” and obtain barcode tickets. Meanwhile, the Smart Wastafel System is a set of automatic tap-based technology that will record water usage according to user input, either from tickets or from RFID, which has been recorded in the database. In this paper, we will discuss Communication Systems, Databases, and User Interfaces in this large system. In the discussion of communication systems, it will be explained how each component can send and receive data from one another so that the entire product can work properly. The discussion about databases will show how data that will become big data will be stored on a server. Meanwhile, the discussion of User Interface covers how the processed data can help clean water management officers to make the best decisions regarding water management and efficiency in the future. It is hoped that this work will become an innovation that can be developed in the future to prevent water scarcity and complete data on specific water use. It is none other than to provide better benefits in future decisions and policies.