ANTI-ANGIOGENESIS ACTIVITY FRACTIONS AND ISOLATES FROM ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF MELINJO SEEDS (GNETUM GNEMON L.) IN VIVO USING ZEBRAFISH EMBRYOS (DANIO RERIO)

• Main Author: Sari, Kartika
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/53625
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) is a plant that comes from the Gnetaceae familia. This plant is widely cultivated in Southeast Asia and it has been used as a food ingredient as well as traditional medicine. The extraction of Melinjo seed contains variety of stilbenoid such as gnetin C, gnemonoside A, C, D, and resveratrol. This compound is reported to have several pharmacological activities including such as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihyperuricemic, antiobesity, and anticancer. Cancer is a disease that caused by an abnormal and uncontrolled cell growth, therefore it has potential to damage or metastasize to the other parts of the body. One of the growth factors for cancer is angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is a growth process of new blood vessel tissue in the existing blood vessels. Previous research states that the ethanol extract of Melinjo seeds can inhibit angiogenesis. Therefore this study aims further anti-angiogenesis activity in fractions and isolates from Melinjo seeds. Acute toxicity testing is carried out with reference to OECD protocol No. 236 of 2013. The results of the acute toxicity test obtained LC50 values at 96 hours after fertilization (hpf) Melinjo Seed Water Fraction (FABM) 222,08 µg/mL, Melinjo Seed Ethyl Acetate Fraction (FEBM) 55,94 µg/mL, Melinjo Seed n-Hexane Fraction (FNBM) 13,50 µg/mL, and Gnetin C (IGC) isolate 22,62 µg/mL. All groups of fractions and isolates showed toxicity in the slightly toxic category. Anti-angiogenesis studies using zebrafish embryos with the endogenous alkaline phosphatase (EAP) staining method showed that FABM, FEBM, FNBM, and IGC have anti-angiogenetic activity by inhibiting the formation of interconnection vessels (ICV), subintestinal vein (SIV), and posterior ventral distance cardial (vPCV) to SIV.