IMMUNOMODULATOR ACTIVITY OF GREEN PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA LINN.) ETHANOLIC EXTRACT

• Main Author: MUTMAINNAH, INDAH
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/53912
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Autoimmune diseases are becoming a public health threat worldwide because of their increasing prevalence. Autoimmune diseases reduce productivity, increase disability rates, and cause death. For decades, treatments for autoimmune diseases have increased patient’s quality of life. However, the use of conventional drugs can cause a variety of adverse effects. NSAIDs cause gastric bleeding and liver toxicity, immunosuppressants and corticosteroids can cause cataracts, glaucoma, organ toxicity, and increase the risk of exposure to infectious diseases, and cancer. Based on that situation, it is necessary to develop immunomodulators from natural ingredients. The seeds, fruit, and skin of the papaya are used for the treatment of diseases related to the immune system in Asia and Africa. Papaya latex can be used in conditions of enlarged spleen, eczema, and psoriasis. Dried papaya fruit is used to reduce swelling of the feet. The research objective was to test the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol extract of green papaya fruit. Green papaya fruit extract was obtained by maceration method in 96% ethanol solvent. The ethanol extract of green papaya fruit doses of 140 and 350 mg / kg bw has immunomodulatory properties with the effect of suppressing nonspecific immune responses, characterized by a phagocytic index value of less than 1, stimulating a humoral immune response (secondary antibody titer 1: 8192) compared to controls (1: 3072) , and suppresses the cellular immune response (IL-2 concentration of extract dose of 140 mg / kg BW = 1.99 ± 0.3 and IL-2 concentration of extract dose 350 mg / kg BW = 2.2 ± 0.54) compared to controls (IL-2 2 = 2.5 ± 0.24). The ethanol extract of green papaya fruit at a dose of 250 mg / kg BW has an acute antiinflammatory effect with a higher percent inhibition value than the control at 3 (27.0%), 4 (27.4%), 6 (10.5%), 8 (21.3%), and 24 (33.3%) hours.