INHIBITORY ACTIVITY A-GLUCOSIDASE ENZYME OF SOME SYZYGIUM GENERA PLANTS AND ISOLATION OF ACTIVE COMPOUND

• Main Author: Nor, Islan
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/54343
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Background and aim: Diabetes Mellitus is the fourth cause of death in the world. Every year there are 3.2 million deaths caused by diabetes. There were 4.5 million people with diabetes in 1995 in Indonesia, the seventh most in the world and it is estimated to be 12.4 million in 2025 or fifth in the world. One of the efforts to reduce diabetes is using ?-glucosidase inhibitors. The ?-glucosidase inhibiting agent has limitations, increasing diabetes complications and causing side effects including bloating, nausea, diarrhea, and flatulence. Natural ?-glucosidase inhibitors derived from natural products have low side effects and are more affordable than synthetic antihyperglycemic drugs. Several types of the Syzygium genus are widespread in tropical and subtropical climates and have economic value, both as ornamental plants, producing fruit and wood, spices and as a source of medicines. The aim of this study was to examine the inhibitory activity of a-glucosidase enzymes from several plants of the Syzygium genera and to isolate the active compounds. Method: The samples tested were some leaves from the plant of the genus Syzygium, among others are Syzygium aqueum, Syzygium aromaticum, Syzygium cumini, Syzygium jambos, Syzygium malaccence, Syzygium myrtifolium and Syzygium polyanthum. Extraction using maceration with 96% ethanol. It was fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction. The fraction was continued under vacuum liquid chromatography. Subfraction is followed by classical column chromatography. The activity test was carried out by testing the inhibition of the a-glucosidase enzyme by measuring the absorbance of the samples solution using a microplate reader. Result: The highest percentage of a-glucosidase enzyme inhibition was shown by the extracts of Syzygium myrtifolium and Syzygium jambos at 90.88% and 83.75%. The most active IC50 value was Syzygium myrtifolium which was 1.505 µg/mL. Syzygium myrtifolium ethyl acetate fraction was more active with an IC50 value of 0.95 µg/mL. It was continued until the isolation stage. Conclusion: Syzygium myrtifolium had the most active inhibitory activity of several other Syzygium genera. The isolat obtained was flavonoid with the basic structure is a flavonol with 3-OH free or subtituted which proposed to be was active in inhibiting the a- glucosidase enzyme.