FORMULATION AND IN VIVO IMMUNOGENICITY TEST OF ORAL NANOPARTICLE CONTAINING HBSAG WITH EXTRACT (PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI L.) AS ADJUVANT COATED WITH ENTERIC COATING POLYMER
Vaccination is one of the most reliable methods used for eradicating fatal infectious diseases in the world, one of which is Hepatitis B. Currently, the available Hepatitis B vaccine in the market is formulation using HBsAg-alum which administered through the injection route. However, the injecti...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/54361 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Vaccination is one of the most reliable methods used for eradicating fatal infectious
diseases in the world, one of which is Hepatitis B. Currently, the available Hepatitis
B vaccine in the market is formulation using HBsAg-alum which administered
through the injection route. However, the injection vaccine has several drawbacks
such as invasive and only induces systemic immune response. To overcome this
shortage, many researcha have been carried out for the purpose of developing a
safer, more comfortable, and more effective vaccine especially for the prevention
of disease that sexually transmitted . One of them is a formulation of nanoparticle
which administered via oral route.
In this experiment, nanoparticles were formulated using the ionotropic gelation
method using chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) as the cross linkers.
The characterization and physicochemical properties of nanoparticles was carried
out by particle size analyzer, polydispersity index, zeta potential charge, particle
surface morphology, as well as the percent of antigen and adjuvant uptake. In the
dosage formulation, several dosage variations of meniran extract (PN) were used,
which functions as adjuvant for nanoparticle preparations. The encapsulation of
nanoparticles was carried out using enteric-coating polymers of sodium alginate,
Eudragit FS 30 D, and Eudragit S100 to protect the entrapped antigen from the
extreme acid conditions in the digestive tract. The evaluation of nanoparticles was
carried out in vitro and in vivo.
Nanoparticles have the average size of 200-300 nm, are spherical in shape and
positively charged. HBsAg antigen uptake was 85-95%, while the amount of PN
extract entrapped was 60-73%. The effectiveness of the coating of the polymers
used showed that the three polymers were able to protect the adsorbed antigen
under acidic conditions and release the antigen at a pH of 7.4. Besides, the results
of immunogenicity evaluation showed that nanoparticles containing HBsAg with
PN extract adjuvant could increase antibody titres against HBsAg antigen. Also,
the highest effect of the antibody titer given by the nanoparticle antigen
preparations and PN extract nanoparticles were given separately with 1 hour of
delay administration
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