CONCEPTION THEORY DEVELOPMENT OF PLANNING UNDER PRESSURE (A CASE STUDY OF VILLAGE ROAD DEVELOPMENT PLANNING IN RIAU PROVINCE)

• Main Author: BOWO LEKSONO, RONNY
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/54687
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Rural development in Indonesia has become the concern of many parties, especially in the reform era. These are triggered by various problems and ideas such as poverty in rural areas, underdevelopment, rural-urban inequality, urbanization and efforts to develop a complete and comprehensive conception of development. The system of democracy and regional autonomy in Indonesia have also encouraged many parties to compete for the votes of the people with the majority of the population living in rural areas, of course, as potential voters to win the competition. Meanwhile, rural development in Indonesia also faced many problems, these problems include infrastructure and isolation, limited human resources, affordability of infrastructure, technology, even the problem of program effectiveness at the implementation of development. The provincial government in Indonesia which is consist of executive and legislative, is politically inseparable from its obligations in rural areas, because people's representation is largely determined by the large number of people's votes in the rural and contributes directly to both the legislative elections and governor. However, in terms of regulations, the authority to develop villages, especially related to infrastructure become the authority of the village and district / city governments. This discrepancy is an indication that’s there is a problem in provincial development planning. By taking a case study of village road development planning in Riau Province, this research tries to develop the concept of Planning Under Pressure that has been described by Friend and Hickling (2005), which begins by building a definition related to what is meant by Planning Under Pressure and their types as well as identifying other types of pressures in planning that were explored in the case study.iv The research was a qualitative in nature, using descriptive methods with the support of an understanding of how to build a scientific theoretical framework, stakeholder analysis and net-map analysis, to strengthen the arguments and accuracy of the research. From the analysis, Planning Under Pressure is defined as a rational process in preparing a plan or deciding development actions or policies to achieve a goal towards a better future, which is run into conditions and / or experiences acts of strong intimidation or intervention either through persuasion, debate or even force, to make changes of the plan that will be carried out. As the final conclusion, which is obtained from regulations review and analysis of the roles and linkages of key stakeholders, it can be said that the regulations related to the study are not completely in line, in fact there are clashes that encourage pressure in planning. These pressures found in two ways; 1) The incompatibility of the political system and the development planning system, especially in relation to the authority of the province to build village roads, and 2) The inconsistency between planning and budgeting mechanisms, in relation to the role of the executive and legislative at the provincial level in the development planning process. The pressure is then identified as a new form of pressure from 6 (six) forms of pressure that have been proposed by Friend and Hickling (2005) in their book "Planning Under Pressure". So that then raises the 7th (seventh) type of pressure in planning, and I called this pressure as "Conflegs".