PENGARUH SISTEM BUDIDAYA TEKNOLOGI BIOFLOK (BFT) DAN SUPLEMENTASI PAKAN SINBIOTIK TERHADAP PERFORMA PERTUMBUHAN DAN PROFIL FISIOLOGIS KOMUNITAS MIKROBA USUS IKAN NILA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS)

• Main Author: Harlin, Catherine
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/55135
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Intensification in aquaculture system is an effort to increase productivity and growth rate of farmed animals. One of the intensive aquaculture systems is biofloc technology, which is based on the concept of recycling nutrients into biofloc through controlling C:N ratio and oxygen level. Biofloc produced can be additional food source in form of microbial protein to be utilized by several animal species, including nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). High culture density in intensive aquaculture system can cause problems such as occurrence diseases in farmed animals. One alternative strategy in biological control of disease is application of synbiotic, a synergistic combination of probiotic and prebiotic to increase nutrient utilization and improve immune system of farmed animals. This research aims to determine the effect of biofloc technology application and sinbiotic feed supplementation on growth performance, water quality, and physiological profiling of fish gut microbial community. In this research, nile tilapia are reared in 70 days with three different treatments: (1) control using semibatch system with commercial feed (‘K’), (2) biofloc technology with commercial feed (‘B’), and (3) biofloc technology with synbiotic feed supplementation (‘BS’). Water quality (dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate level) and growth (fish weight and length) is measured every week during 70 days grow-out period. At the end of rearing, physiological profile of gut microbial community is analyzed using Biolog™ Ecoplates method. Water quality for treatment K, B, and BS during grow-out period is in tolerance range for nile tilapia. Treatment B gives (0,83±0,24 g/day) average daily growth (ADG), (5,73±0,51 %) specific growth rate (SGR), (2,14±0,77) feed conversion ratio (FCR), (83,33±7,45 %) survival rate, (1,32 ± 0,23 kg) final biomass and (10,03±1,85 kg/m3) productivity. Treatment BS gives (0,94±0,30 g/day) ADG, (5,91±0,49%) SGR, (1,66±0,52) FCR, (91,67±7,26%) survival rate, (1,68±0,273 kg) final biomass, (16,76±2,73 kg/m3) productivity, (121,35± 13,54 g) final weight and (17,65±0,48 cm) final length. Treatment BS yields significantly more final biomass and productivity (P<0,05) than treatment K. Community-level physiological profiling shows that total metabolic activity and microbial diversity in treatment BS is higher than B and K, but not statistically significant (P>0,05). Treatment B and BS increase metabolic activity of carbohydrates compared to treatment K. In conclusion, biofloc technology application with or without synbiotic feed supplementation is able to increase water quality and fish growth with better gut microbial community physiological profile, therefore potentially applied in intensive nile tilapia rearing at industrial scale.