ESTIMATED BIOGAS ENERGY EFFICIENCY ON THE GENERATOR WITH NOZZLE VENTURI MODIFICATION

• Main Author: Rohmatin, Iis
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/55334
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia is an agricultural country where most people work in agriculture. One of the agricultural subsectors is the farm. Waste products of waste ranch in both cow dung and urine can be harnessed into biogas energy. Fossilized sources of energy or fuel used to fuel daily needs have been used. But the existence of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas became less and less as the years went on. Biogas as an alternative energy could be used to replace fossil energy sources. The purpose of this study is to know physical parameters that affect input heat and modified generator performance with pure biogas fuel; determines efficiency basic formulations, finds efficiency value, and analyzes the efficiency of modified generators that fuel pure biogas. The method used to determine the basic formulation of modified generator efficiency begins by defining generational efficiency. Generator efficiency is a comparison between the power going out of the system and the power coming from the fuel. From the general formulation of efficiency of the genset, formulation is then used in detail to obtain power that comes out with the power that goes into the generator. Further, by applying the power of output genset and input (biogas input heat) power to common efficiency equations, a full formulation of the modified genset efficiency combusts pure biogas. The modified venturi with one end of the nozzle beheaded at an angle of 37.5°. Research shows the efficiency of the resulting generator is 15% to 44%, with variations in the diameter of the nozzle used by 3 mm to 6.5 mm. The rate of the flow of biogas volumes gained by 32,5×10-2 liters per minute to 44,1×10-2 liters per minute. Among the conclusions of this study are the physical parameters that affect a biogas input heat is the rate of flow of biogas mass and the rate of lower heating value methane (LHV). Whereas the physical parameters that affect the performance of the modified generator or power of the genset output are the voltage and currents produced from the generator. The mass flow rate values obtained are 65×10-7 kg/s to 88.2×10-7 kg/s, LHV methane is 50.000 kJ/kg, generator output power is 48.4 watts to 193.6 watts. Then, the efficiency value of the genset is directly proportional to the rate of volume of biogas and the diameter of venturi nozzle. However, the efficiency of biogas generators has a saturation point, where when the diameter is increased, the efficiency decreases.