THE POTENTIAL OF TROPICAL LIGHTNING STRIKES AS A CAUSE OF TANK FIRES IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA
Indonesia is located in a tropical region and has a high number of lightning flash density. The oil tank fire incident in Balongan, Indonesia caught the attention of lightning engineers. The oil and gas industry in Indonesia, in general, implements international standards related to lightning...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/55563 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Indonesia is located in a tropical region and has a high number of lightning flash density.
The oil tank fire incident in Balongan, Indonesia caught the attention of lightning engineers.
The oil and gas industry in Indonesia, in general, implements international standards related
to lightning protection, such as the NFPA 780-2011, API RP 2003, and API 650 standards.
However, due to the difference between lightning characteristic in tropical and sub-tropical
area, the oil tank and refineries in the tropical area are not inherently self-protected againts
lightning direct strikes. Oil and gas industries in tropical area requires additional lightning
protection to prevent direct lightning strikes on tank wall, breather valve, and automatic tank
gauging (ATG). Based on lightning characteristic in general, lightning can melt oil tank,
causing the tank to leak. The voltage difference between the tank wall and the floating roof can
cause sparks, then leads to the occurrence of fire. This paper discusses fire tank potential due
to lightning strike, including the existance of international standard in tropical area and the
solution of lightning threat.
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