RESIDENTIAL HOUSE TYPOLOGY CLASSIFICATION AND EARTHQUAKE VULNERABILITY SCALE IN BANDUNG

• Main Author: Crestotes Sharon, Sophia
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik sipil
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/55968
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Earthquake is still be one of several natural disasters or phenomenons that creates many victims in Indonesia. But, the fact is, the majority of fatalities due to earthquake is not due to the earthquake itself, but due to the destruction of the infrastructure because of earthquake. These infrastrucures are not strong enough to withstand earthquake forces so that they go down or collapse and kill people around them. The risk of the earthquake will increase if the strucures are not built with earthquake resistant design. Residential house are typically non-engineered buildings or built without specification or basic technique especially for earthquake resistant design. It is estimated that 80% of buildings in cities in Indonesia are residential houses, so that the vulnerability of Indonesia’s population needs to be clearly mapped. Areas with a percentage of poor households (which are indicated by the number of poor people) are more likely to experience a greater negative impact due to earthquake disasters. This indicates that there are differences in the quality of buildings between economic classes. These different building qualities lead to differences in the vulnerability of buildings to disasters. To support this big goal, this final project looks for the typology distribution of several residential houses in the city of Bandung. Economic class classification is also carried out in order to obtain typical structural parameters for each economy class. The results of these two processes will be used to find the vulnerability of the population in the city of Bandung. The calculation of population vulnerability will use the EMS98 method and the fragility curve that has been adjusted to the construction method in Indonesia. The method used is by conducting rapid visual screening or RVS and interviews in several sub-districts in North Bandung, which are the areas most vulnerable to the Lembang fault. This fault is chosen because it is one of the nearest faults to Bandung City. From this field survey, the residential houses will be processed with EMS98 method. The field survey resulted in 406 house structure types, of which 27 socio-economic data and 15 detailed house characteristics data. Based on Lemeshow's theory, this 406 house datas represents an unknown number of vulnerable populations in the city of Bandung. 57.9% of residential houses are confined masonry, 35% are RC infilled frame, and 7.1% are unconfined masonry. The average number of floors owned by the high economy class is two, with an area of about 200 m2 per building floor. The average wall thickness for high economy class is 250 mm with a distance between tie columns of about 2.5 m. while the average number of floors owned by the low economy class is one, with an area per building floor of about 72 m2. The average wall thickness of low economy class is 150 mm with a distance between tie columns of about 3 m. After getting the vulnerability from each of the houses types, the average population risk in Bandung is calculated and mapped. If the city of Bandung is shaken by the scenario of an earthquake caused by the Lembang fault with a magnitude of 7, the results obtained are that 20% of the houses will not be damaged, 34% of the houses have a level of damage of 1, 35% have a level of damage of 2, 11% of houses have a level of damage of 3, and 1% the house suffered damage level 4.