THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF APARTMENT BUILDING TO ITS SURROUNDING THERMAL CONDITION IN BANDUNG

• Main Author: Yusnita Nugroho, Nancy
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Arsitektur
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/56041
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The existence of apartment buildings in the city area affects various aspects of the physical environment. The thermal environment around an apartment building is one of the important aspects of the physical environment because its conditions have a direct and indirect effect on the building and the people around it. The apartment buildings were, in general, large in size so that they overshadowed the sun and wind. The physical characteristics of the apartment building studied include aspects of mass composition, shape configuration, material types and properties, and site context. The study was conducted in the city of Bandung, which has a cool thermal environment. This natural condition must be considered in designing a physical environment with local wisdom, so as to maintain its natural thermal quality. The research was conducted in six apartment buildings in Bandung, which are located in the high (750-1150 m asl) and low (675-750 m asl) elevation zones. In each zone, an apartment building is chosen in the type of unparallel linear cluster, parallel linear cluster, and inner courtyard. Retrieval of thermal data and building physical data (material types, dimensions, vegetation, etc.) is carried out by field observations and measurements. Information about the influence of buildings on the surrounding environment is obtained through digital simulations using Ansys Fluent software to show the effects of shading and air movement around the building. The results of the analysis show that the multiple apartment building with the composition parallel to and with the wind, causes the acceleration and turbulence of air flow that far exceeds the standard of thermal comfort. This condition affects the activities of apartment residents and the surrounding community. A building which has a form configuration with a small ratio of envelope area : building volume, and a flat-shaped building with a shadowing composition receives little exposure to solar radiation so that it has little effect on environmental heating. The use of materials with low heat absorption, the application of vegetation shade systems on the site and the surrounding environment, and the use of wind must be applied together to obtain cooling for the building. The contours of the site and the presence of corridors on roads or rivers are also important factors that affect environmental thermal quality around the apartment building.