BIOFLOTATION OF GALENA-SFALERITE COMPLEX ORE USING BACTERIA PRODUCING BIOSURFACTAN AS A BIOREAGENT
The increasing demand for base metals such as lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) has led to increased exploitation of the minerals galena (PbS) and low grade sphalerite (ZnS). The presence of PbS and ZnS in nature is often found in association with pyrite (FeS) impurities, in addition to being associated wi...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/56392 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | The increasing demand for base metals such as lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) has led to
increased exploitation of the minerals galena (PbS) and low grade sphalerite (ZnS).
The presence of PbS and ZnS in nature is often found in association with pyrite
(FeS) impurities, in addition to being associated with common impurities, namely
silica (SiO2). It takes a concentration process to selectively separate valuable
minerals from other impurity minerals. This is what underlies the development of
alternative technologies in the separation of PbS and ZnS from FeS2. The
bioflotation process is a concentration process used on low grade ores by using
bioreagents instead of chemical reagents. The use of bioreagents in the bioflotation
process using a variety of bacterial cells and biosurfactants was carried out to
determine the effect of bacterial cells and biosurfactants produced by bacteria on
the hydrophobicity of mineral surfaces.
Bioflotation experiments were carried out with bioflotation process variables
including variations of bacterial growth medium, bioreagent, and slurry pH. The
best bacteria used in the flotation experiment came from the results of screening 10
bacterias using emulsifying activity (E24) analysis. Experiments on the bioflotation
process were carried out using a Denver flotation cell. Analysis of mineral content
in the sample of galena-sphalerite complex sulfide ore as well as the results of the
bioflotation process were analyzed using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) and ICP-OES
to determine the levels of each metal. In addition, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra
Red) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) analyzes were also performed to
determine the interaction of bacteria with the galena-sphalerite sulfide complex.
The results of bacterial screening using E24 analysis of 10 species of bacteria
obtained 1 best bacteria are bacteria Paenibacillus pasadenensis (Pp) with E24
value reached 44.62% at hour 24. The results of experiments using bacteria Pp
bioflotasi provide recovery of Pb and Zn values highest, respectively Pb recovery
of 60.43% with grade 9.9% and Zn recovery of 50.79% with grade 4.47%. Those
results were obtained under conditions in the growing medium conditions of LBbroth
+ S, bioreagen B (biosurfactant) and pH of slurry 5, The lowest Fe recovery
value reached 3.78% with a grade 4.02% in LB-broth growing medium conditions,
bioreagent B and pH of slurry 5. For the highest selectivity index (SI) of Pb to Fe
and Zn to Fe with SI values of 2.6 and 2.4 respectively under experimental
conditions with LB-broth growing medium, BB bioreagent (bacteria and
biosurfactant) and carried out at pH of slurry 3.
The bioflotation process showed Pb and Zn content increased, while Fe content
decreased in each concentrate of the experiment. This indicates that it is possible
for P.p bacteria to be used as a bioreagents in the flotation process. |
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