STUDI LITERATUR MINYAK ATSIRI TUMBUHAN INDONESIA YANG BERPOTENSI SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI DAN ANTIFUNGI SERTA PENGARUH FORMULASI NANOEMULSI DAN MIKROEMULSI TERHADAP AKTIVITASNYA

• Main Author: Changdrian, Fiona
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/56406
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Rapid development of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and fungi is one of the great challenges in the treatment of nowadays infection disease therapy. This has triggered various attempts to search and find new effective antimicrobial compounds, especially those derived from nature, to be used as therapy alternative. Essential oils are natural product composed of plant secondary metabolites and have been widely known to have potential uses as antibacterial and antifungal agent. This literature review was aimed to study the effect of nanoemulsion/microemulsion formulations on the activities of Indonesian herbal plants essential oils and to determine the best type of essential oil to be developed as a nanoemulsion/microemulsion preparation with antibacterial and antifungal properties. The literatures used in this study were obtained through PubMed Central, Science Direct, and Google Scholar search engines and electronic databases. Further, data from each literature that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected and extracted, then were analyzed in accordance with the topic and objectives of this literature review. From the search results, 20 types of essential oils which were proven to have antibacterial and antifungal activities based on in vitro test results were selected. Various research results suggested that nanoemulsion/microemulsion formulations could cause an increase or decrease in the antimicrobial effectiveness of essential oils and the result were highly dependent on the type of bioactive compounds contained in the essential oils. Among the 20 types of essential oil selected in this study, galangal essential oil had the highest potential to be developed as a nanoemulsion/microemulsion preparation as various formulations of it were reported possing effective antimicrobial activity, experiencing a significant increase in effectiveness, and having good activity stability throughout the storage period. Based on this literature study, the optimal nanoemulsion/microemulsion formulation was considered to be able to improve the dispersibility and bioavailability characteristics of hydrophobic active compounds so that it was suitable for increasing the effectiveness and activity stability of essential oil preparation in the future.