ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND BIOACTIVITY OF SECONDARY METABOLITE FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI OF THE ROOT OF MORUS ALBA VAR. SHALUN

• Main Author: Luthfi Agusta, Adnan
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/57292
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Moraceae, is one of the plant families that has been widely used by urban people to help their daily life such as for food and shelter needs. This plants produces fruits that are commonly consumed such as jackfruit and mulberry, while the wood part can be used for building materials and household properties. In addition, this plant is also used as traditional medicine. Morus, known as mulberry, is one of the main genera from the Moraceae family. This plant is reported to produce phenolic compounds of flavonoid type, and alkaloids with various bioactivities such as antibacterial, cytotoxicity, and antiviral. This makes Morus one of the plant genera that have the potential to produce secondary metabolites with a variety of bioactivity. Based on previous research, from the ethyl acetate extract of root culture of Morus alba var. shalun successfully isolated several compounds from the Diels-Alder adduct group which have high cytotoxicity against murine leukimia P- 388 cells. Further development of the potential of this plant is carried out on endophytic microbes, especially endophytic fungi. Endophytes are microorganisms that live in plant tissues, roots, leaves, and stems, and are well associated with their host plants. Endophytic fungi are known to produce various secondary metabolites with diverse structures and bioactivity. Besides being easy to grow, endophytic fungi can also produce secondary metabolite similar to their host plants. Therefore, it is expected that endophytic fungi from Morus alba var. shalun can produce a variety secondary metabolites. In this study, the endophytic fungus Fusarium falciforme was isolated from the roots of Morus alba var. shalun, with a homology value of 99,82%. Identification of single isolates of fungis was carried out by division of Microbiology, LIPI, Cibinong. In this study, 5 compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract and their structure determined based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. There is 1 new compound that has never been reported before, namely a polyketide derivative (1), and three other compounds which are 3- Methyl-4-hydroxy-6(1-methyl-trans-1-propenyl)2-pyrone (2), 1-linoleoyl glycerol (3), and linoleic acid (4). Compound (2) with a 2-pyrone base was reported previously isolated from Aspergilus unguis, this compound was also produced as an intermediate for the synthesis of nectriapirone compounds which were reported to have various bioactivities such as phytotoxic, antibiotic and antitumor. Based on the results of the antibacterial bioassay test, the compound 1-linoleyl glycoside (3) showed moderate activity with an MIC value of 256 µg/ml against S. aureus bacteria. In the antioxidant activity test, the compound 3-Methyl-4-hydroxy-6(1- methyl-trans-1-propenyl)2-pyrone (2) showed moderate activity with an IC50 value of 97.84 µg/ml.