RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OCCUPANT BEHAVIOR AND DAMAGE CONDITIONS OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING DURING EARTHQUAKES CASE STUDY: BANDA ACEH CITY

• Main Author: Mazaya, Ulfa
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/57312
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Many of the losses and casualties caused by the earthquake in Indonesia were caused by the collapse of residential buildings. Human behavior is difficult to predict during emergency situations such as an earthquake. Occupant behavior can be influenced by the physical environment of the buildings. Therefore, a good building design should consider the behavior aspects. Until now, research related to behavior during earthquakes in Indonesia is still lacking. The purpose of this study is to identify occupant behavior during an earthquake and the residential environmental factors that influence the behavior. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach with grounded theory techniques. Samples were taken through non-random sampling and conducted online to respondents who had experienced an earthquake in a residential building in Banda Aceh City. Data were collected using an open-ended questionnaire and analyzed using content analysis and correspondence methods. The results of the study found 7 behaviors during earthquakes, namely: (1) exiting the building, (2) not doing anything, (3) taking actions to protect oneself, (4) helping to evacuate others, (5) staying in the building, (6) following other people, and (7) praying. The results of the analysis found 2 residential environmental factors that influence behavior, namely the type of dwelling and building damages seen by occupants during the earthquake. It was found that there were delaying behaviors to leave the building. Based on these findings, the design recommendations for residential buildings are ones that can create an opportunity to leave the building with longer time. The building must not immediately collapse so it could provide an opportunity for residents to carry out delaying behaviors such as helping other residents.