BIOSYNTHESIS OF NANO ZERO VALENT IRON (NZVI) FROM FECL3 PRECURSOR USING LEAVES EXTRACT REDUCTOR OF CODIAEUM VARIEGATUM, PHYSALIS ANGULATA, BLUMEA BALSAMIFERA, AND PIPER BETLE

• Main Author: ORLANDO SUMAKUL, OWEN
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/57345
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The development of research on nano zero valent iron (nZVI) is based on the potential use of these nanoparticles in environmental remediation. Nano zero valent iron (nZVI) has unique and different properties from iron in micro and bulk sizes. The method for synthesizing zero-valent iron nanoparticles is divided into two: topdown and bottom-up. Problems with physical and chemical techniques raises the urgency to use bottom-up methods with appropriate and environmentally friendly green synthesis techniques. The green synthesis technique is a biosynthetic technique of iron nanoparticles that utilizes metabolites from plants and microorganisms as reducing agents and capping agents. The advantages of green synthesis techniques compared to chemical and physical techniques include the production of nanoparticles that have a better size distribution, are environmentally friendly and cost effective. The availability of plants and the ease of synthesis techniques are the reasons for the use of plant extracts in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Plant extracts synthesize nanoparticles in a shorter time than microorganisms. Several studies have been conducted to test the success of plant extracts in synthesizing zero-valent iron nanoparticles. In this study, biosynthesis of nZVI was carried out using croton leaf extract (Codiaeum variegatum), moral berry leaf extract (Physalis angulata), sambong leaf extract (Blumea balsamifera), and betel leaf extract (Piper betle). The series of experiments begins with the preparation of a solution of ferric chloride precursor by dissolving FeCl3 in deionized water and preparation of a solution of plant extracts for each type of plant. Biosynthesis experiments were carried out by mixing iron precursor solution and plant extract solution at various parameters of temperature, extract concentration, precursor concentration, and synthesis time. There was a change in the color of the biosynthetic solution to dark or black which indicated the formation of nZVI in the solution. The solution resulting from the biosynthesis was characterized by Eh-pH meter and FTIR. Based on the analysis of the experimental results, the optimum values for each parameter were obtained, including: temperature 25 °C, extract concentration 60 g/L, precursor concentration 0.1 M, and synthesis time of 10 minutes. Characterization results showed that the plants extract with the best ability to synthesize zero valence iron nanoparticles were leaves extract of moral berry plants.