IMPACT OF MANGROVE FOREST DEGRADATION ON SPECIES RICHNESS AND ABUNDANCE OF BIRDS AT KALIBUNTU COASTAL AREA, PROBOLINGGO REGENCY, EAST JAVA

• Main Author: Hillaryana
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik (Rekayasa, enjinering dan kegiatan berkaitan)
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/57491
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Mangrove vegetation is thought to have a positive effect on bird abundance. Thus, the significant degradation of mangrove forest on the coast of Java Island can disrupt the presence of birds and the balance of the ecosystem. This study aims to determine the impact of mangrove forest degradation on species richness and bird abundance; determine the relationship between bird abundance and vegetation parameters in areas that are still maintained; and determine the preferences of mangrove vegetation as optimal bird habitat in the degraded coastal area of Kalibuntu, Probolinggo Regencay, East Java. Bird data was obtained using the point counting method and vegetation data was obtained using a stratified square plot on a bird watching plot. Furthermore, the relationship between vegetation parameters and bird abundance was analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. The results showed that the vegetation composition in the two areas tendend to be homogeneous with only three types of plants, namely Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora stylosa and Avicennia alba. In degraded areas, Avicennnia alba dominated all life stages (INP 148%, 107% and 170%), while in areas that were still maintained, Sonneratia alba dominated at tree level (INP 162%) and Rhizophora stylosa dominated sapling and seedling levels (INP 117% and 113%). The number of bird species found in the degraded area was only 7 bird species, compared to 24 species in the protected area. The impact of mangrove forest degradation on the species richness and abundance of birds on the coast of Kalibuntu is the reduced species richness and abundance of birds and the dominance of certain species of birds. From the Pearson correlation test, it was found that the abundance of birds had the strongest relationship with the number of tree branches (R = 0,935). The preference for mangrove species based on the frequency with which birds use a vegetation is Sonneratia alba for small to medium birds and Rhizophora stylosa for large birds.