POTENTIAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES IN THE BANDUNG BASIN AREA FOR FULFILLMENT OF OXYGEN SUPPLY AND CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN THE GREEN OPEN SPACE OF BANDUNG CITY AND CIMAHI CITY

• Main Author: Yuriswan, Wahyunal
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/57652
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Green Open Space (RTH) is one of the important elements required by a city to maintain the balance of its environmental ecosystem. The existence of green open space is significant in urban development as one of its functions is to provide oxygen and carbon sequestration which is very much needed in the activities of the city inhabitants. In maintaining the balance of the urban environment, the Law No.26 Year 2007 regarding Spatial Planning stated the need of RTH as much as 30% of a region administrative area. There are many cities in Indonesia which cannot meet the minimum requirement of the RTH due to the dynamics of the city development, for example Bandung City and Cimahi City. According to the data obtained, both Bandung and Cimahi experienced a green open space deficit where the area of RTH in Bandung City identified reach 1083.08 ha or 6.5% of Bandung city area while Cimahi has public RTH of 788.6 ha which is equivalent to 19.53% of the total area. The two cities are included as the Core Urban Areas (Kawasan Perkotaan Inti) which become the center of the Bandung Basin Urban Area to drive the national economic growth. With the status of Bandung and Cimahi as the Core Urban Areas, the need for space for city development in the two cities will continuously arise so it will become harder for both cities to increase the RTH which will influence the balance of the environmental ecosystem in the two cities. Therefore, a study to look at the requirement and availability of green open space in Bandung and Cimahi with a wider scope is needed. This research aims to measure the potential of environmental services produced by the Bandung Basin Area in meeting the requirement for RTH in Bandung City and Cimahi City, especially the environmental services of providing oxygen and carbon sequestration. In essence, there are several ways to assess the requirement of RTH in each city, based on the area, number of population and the need for the environmental services. Using this approach, the requirement of RTH then compared to the value of the environmental services produced by the Bandung Basin Area which considered as an area which can provide the environmental services to the cities within the area and the surroundings. This research williv assess the extent to which the environmental services are required by Bandung City and Cimahi City according to the abovementioned approach and how much of the environment services can be provided by the Bandung Basin Area. Having made the comparison, it is hoped that it will provide a clearer picture of how a city maintain the balance of its urban environment while not meeting the minimum requirements of the green open space area that has been mandated. Based on the study on the public green open space, in 2020 Bandung City and Cimahi City both have deficit of RTH as much as 2263.17 ha and 18.8 ha of their respective administrative areas. Based upon the number of the population, Bandung City and Cimahi City area lack of RTH as much as 3.827 ha and 348 ha. Meanwhile if we look at the oxygen consumption, Bandung City and Cimahi City have deficit of 2,957,706 tons and 206,982 tons of their inhabitants need and the transportation sector. Based on the carbon sequestration, Bandung City and Cimahi City have deficit of 2,128,131 tons and 130,316 tons. The result of the analysis of the environmental services shows that, the Bandung Basin Area has a surplus of oxygen supply of 33,418,699 tons/year with a carbon sequestration value of 48,906,943 tons/year. Based on the result, the Bandung Basin Area can cover the need of RTH for both Bandung City and Cimahi City in terms of the area, the number of population, and regulatory environmental services. This demonstrates that in terms of the requirement for green open space based on the administrative area, Bandung City and Cimahi City have deficit of RTH but if drawn into a wider calculation scope against certain geographical boundaries, Bandung City and Cimahi City will still be able to maintain the balance of their ecosystem based on the environmental services received from the Bandung Basin Area. This shows that deeper studies of the calculation of the requirement for green open space based on the minimum of an administrative area in other cities are needed in order to see the real value of the RTH requirement of the city.