THE MICRONUTRIENT EFFECT ON THE FORMATION OF BIOTANOL FROM PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT USING ANAEROBIC CIRCULATING BED REACTOR: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

• Main Author: Rafika Dwi Rachma N, Andi
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/58873
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Currently fossil fuel crisis requires the development of renewable energy. One of the renewable energies that is widely developed is biofuel derived from biomass, such as ethanol which can be obtained from agricultural waste. Agro-industrial waste such as Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) can be processed for organic products as well as produce products such as volatile acids and ethanol using an anaerobic process. In the anaerobic process using microorganisms, metal ions are needed to activate enzymes involved in metabolic processes. Research related to optimizing ethanol production continue to develop. These studies have only looked at the effect of adding micronutrients to the formation of ethanol, while the relationship between the two is not yet known. The Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method was used, to compare the relationship between the addition of micronutrients and the formation of ethanol based on each study. Database searches are limited from 2010 to 2020 obtained from several database platforms such as researchgate, digilib ITB and sciencedirect. From 45 search results, there were 10 studies that matched the title and abstract obtained from digilib ITB, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 9 studies were used as secondary data in the meta-analysis. Data management uses several software such as, Microsoft Excel, SPSS, and JASP. Each study showed the removal of oil palm waste, this was supported by the percentage of COD removal with or without the addition of micronutrients Fe2+ and Zn2+. The removal of COD with the formation of TAV and ethanol can reach 100% in the combination of Fe2++Zn2+ micronutrients. Research using original POME obtained an average correlation, such as the addition of Fe2+ micronutrients using original POME, while artificial POME came from a negative correlation, this increased the positive concentration of micronutrient Fe: 40 mg/L, more than that it would result in a decrease in ethanol production. The summary effect shows the correlation between the addition of micronutrients to the formation of ethanol. Micronutrients Fe2+ and Zn2+ show a positive correlation to the formation of ethanol and TAV, while the micronutrient Mn2+ shows a negative correlation, where there are several things that affect the results, namely the effect size of each study, metal functions, waste sources which contains other precursors and low substrate concentrations in artificial POME so that micronutrients cannot bind enzymes and substrates resulting in a decrease in the rate of product formation.