DEVELOPMENT OF WATERSHED CARRYING CAPACITY AND SUSTAINABILITY INDEX (CASE STUDY: CIMAHI SUB WATERSHED)

• Main Author: RISANDRI HIKMAT, RAFID
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/59472
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Cimahi City is planned to become the center of Bandung Basin National Activity Center which is safe, comfortable, efficient, and sustainable as stated in Cimahi City Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2012 concerning the Cimahi City Spatial Plan for 2012-2032. The planning shows that many activities are carried out in Cimahi City such as from the domestic, agriculture, livestock, and industrial sectors so that can affect the decline of environmental quality, one of which is watershed. The Cimahi sub watershed is one of the five sub watersheds located in the area of Cimahi City and is part of the Citarum watershed. The sub watershed is included in the water resources network system development plan in the Cimahi City Regional Spatial Planning. In addition, because the Cimahi sub watershed is part of the Citarum watershed, it can be said that the sub watershed has contributed to pollution in the watershed. The above conditions explain that a study on the development of Watershed Carrying Capacity and Sustainability Index especially in this case the Cimahi sub watershed needs to be carried out to provide a comprehensive picture of the environmental conditions of the area. The development of Watershed Carrying Capacity and Sustainability Index is carried out based on the study of carrying capacity and sustainability. The two studies are combined to complement the indicators that do not exist in each study. Meanwhile, indicators that have the same meaning and calculations are combined into one indicator. In general, the two studies consist of three main components namely land, water resources, and social, economic, and institutional. The basis of the carrying capacity study refers to the Regulation of the Minister of Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number:P.60/Menhut-II/2014 concerning Criteria for Determining the Classification of Watershed. The carrying capacity study is carried out to evaluate the classification of watershed based on 15 criteria namely percentage of critical land, percentage of vegetation cover, erosion index, flow regime coefficient, annual flow coefficient, sediment load, flood, water use index, population pressure on land, population welfare level, existence and enforcement of regulations, city classification, water infrastructures value classification, conservation areas, and cultivation areas. The final results of the study provide a conclusion whether the watershed carrying capacity is maintained or need to be restored. Sustainability study is conducted using the West Java Water Sustainability Index. The study consists of 13 indicators namely water availability, land use changes, water quality, water demand, water service provision coverage, water loss, information disclosure, governance structure, education, poverty, health impact, sanitation, and law enforcement. The final results of the sustainability study is the level of watershed performance and priority of action for each watershed indicator and as a whole. The results of the Watershed Carrying Capacity and Sustainability Index study are then analyzed using the DPSIR framework to determine environmental problems that are interrelated with social and economic conditions. The results of the analysis are used as the basis for strategic recommendations for the management of the Cimahi sub watershed. The results of the analysis show that the Cimahi sub watershed is classified as a watershed with poor performance so that it has a high priority for action. Therefore, the condition of the Cimahi sub watershed need to be restored. The final value obtained from the Watershed Carrying Capacity and Sustainability Index study is 11,11. There are 13 out of 26 indicators that have poor to poor - medium performance. The indicators with these performances are percentage of critical land, percentage of vegetation cover, land use changes, annual flow coefficient, flood, water use index, water quality, water availability, water demand, water service provision coverage, population pressure on land, city classification, and health impact. All of these indicators become priority actions in making recommendations for the management of the Cimahi sub watershed by referring to the results of the DPSIR analysis. The main problems in the Cimahi sub watershed based on the results of the DPSIR analysis are driven by population growth, Cimahi City Spatial Plan 2012-2032, and Presidential Regulation 15/2018, causing pressure in the form of land use changes and increased activities from the domestic, agricultural, and industrial sectors. This causes water availability and water quality to be in poor condition. All of these problems have an impact on unfulfilled water demand, flood, and waterborne diseases. The main problems in the Cimahi sub watershed need to be addressed by improvement and supervision of regulation implementation, provision of proper sanitation facilities, and water infrastructure investment.