FECAL SOURCE IDENTIFICATION IN CITARUM HULU RIVER BASED ON DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS AND PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS

• Main Author: Lestari Madelin, Indah
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik saniter dan perkotaan; teknik perlindungan lingkungan
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/61387
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Antibiotic resistance occurred not only in human but also in livestock. Several factors that caused resistance in antibiotic are excessive use of antibiotic, using antibiotic without doctor prescribing and the lack of discovery new antibiotic. This study aims to determine the source of fecal pollution in Citarum Hulu River based on antibiotic resistance pattern in chicken, cattle, sheep and human. Based on meta-analysis in five journal, Antibiotic Resistance Analysis (ARA) and Discriminant Analysis can be used for fecal source tracking. Antibiotic resistance pattern obtained by analyze resistance condition in E. coli from each isolate. The results of antibiotic resistance profiles of 40 isolates for library and 90 isolates from nine segments of Citarum Hulu River, namely, Situ Cisanti, Majalaya, Rancasari, Baleendah, Bojongsoang, Katapang, Margaasih and Nanjung were analyzed using Discriminant Analysis (DA) and Principal Component Analysis-Discriminant Analysis (PCA-DA). This tracking used four sources of fecal contamination: chicken, cattle, goat and human. DA results show the dominant source of fecal contamination came from cattle in upper and middle area, and in downstream fecal source contamination dominated by goat with an Average Rate Correct Classification (ARCC) of 65%. Factor analysis using PCA give the percent variance of 35.5% for Principal Component (PC)-1 and 15.39% for PC-2. Tracking with PC-1 – DA gives the dominant source from the chicken with an ARCC value of 37.5%. For PC-2 – DA give the dominant sources are from chicken with an ARCC value of 50%.