PRA-RANCANGAN INDUSTRI PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI SERBUK GERGAJIAN KAYU SENGON DAN SERABUT KELAPA DENGAN PEREKAT DEKSTRIN UNTUK WALL SIDING: SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI SERBUK GERGAJIAN SENGON DAN SERABUT KELAPA DENGAN PEREKAT DEKSTRIN DARI TEPUNG ONGGOK DAN PEREKAT UREA-FORMALDEHIDA

• Main Author: Nur Annissa, Syifa
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknologi
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/61485
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The availability of solid wood in natural forests is currently unable to meet the needs of the wood processing industry. This is caused by the utilization of which is not balanced with the construction of new stands. So, it is necessary to substitute the use of wood with agricultural waste. Sengon wood sawdust waste and coconut fiber waste are some of the potential wastes with high production levels in Indonesia. Sengon wood is a fast-growing type of wood with a high production rate in Indonesia. The production level of sengon wood can reach 2.58 million m3 in 2015 (Badan Pusat Statistik Produk Kehutanan, 2015) with sawdust waste that can be produced in the range of 25% (Noviani, et al., 2014). Meanwhile, coconut production in Indonesia is 2.811.954 tons/year (Kementerian Pertanian, 2021) with the fiber produced is 35% or around 984.184 tons/year (Sudarsono, 2010). This potential must be a concern in the utilization of agricultural waste into wood substitution. In addition to this, in practice, wood processing generally uses synthetic adhesives as adhesives. However, the resulting formaldehyde gas emissions can potentially harm human health. Therefore, it is necessary to substitute biomass-based natural adhesives, one of the natural adhesives that have been developed is dextrin which is a modified starch by hydrolysis process using heat, enzymes or chemicals. Onggok flour is a by-product of making tapioca flour which contains starch that is rich in starch. which is 59.4% (Sutikno, et al., 2016) and has the potential to be used in the manufacture of dextrins as natural adhesives. One of the efforts to utilize the agricultural waste is by making particle board. This is an effort to modify dimensions to optimize the use of agricultural waste as a substitute for wood in non-structural products. The use of particleboard as a non-structural application can be used as wall siding, partitions, packaging materials, parquet flooring and other applications. One of the products chosen to be developed in this pre-industrial design is as a wall siding because it is an environmentally friendly product, has high aesthetics, and has high demand in the market. Productivity in this pre-industrial design is targeted to have a production capacity of 28614 m2 per year. The resulting wall siding has three types grouped by size, namely 30 x 30 cm, 20 x 30 cm, and 10 x 30 cm. In one production year, II-iv 92.160 units of 30 x 30 cm wall siding, 161.280 units of 20 x 30 cm wall siding, and 357.120 unit of 10 cm x 30 cm wall siding were produced. This wall siding product has a selling price of Rp. 180.000/m2. This industrial pre-design applies the concept of waste management from various other industrial sectors, namely the wood processing industry, the tapioca flour manufacturing industry and the coconut processing industry. By treating the waste from each of these industries, it is expected to increase the selling value of the product and provide welfare for the surrounding community. The initial investment required for the pre-design of the wall siding industry is Rp.3.285.921.086 with fixed and variable costs of Rp.2.616.932.982 and Rp.908.838.276, respectively. The total sales revenue obtained each in the first year is Rp. 5.150.520.000 with a net profit of Rp. 865.982.768 and will increase each year with the addition of production by 110-170%. The financial metrics are as follows; NPV of Rp. 8.445.953.085 which is greater than zero; IRR of 40.54% which is greater than the 9% interest rate; PI of 2,5703, which is greater than 1; payback period of 2 years and 10 months, and the break event point (BEP) of 22.870 m2 sold. Based on the financial analysis that has been done, the wall siding processing is feasible to run.