PALEONTOLOGY AND GEOARCHEOLOGY STUDY OF BUMIAYU REGION, BREBES DISTRICT, CENTRAL JAVA

• Main Author: Amir, Fahrizal
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/61647
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The Bumiayu-Tonjong site is one of the paleontological sites in Indonesia. At this site found fossils of mollusks, vertebrates, hominids, and artifacts. This site is administratively located in the Districts of Bumiayu, Tonjong, and Bantarkawung, Brebes Regency, Central Java. This study aims to conduct a paleontological study of vertebrates and invertebrates (mollusks) that useful to add fossil data that has been found previously and to conduct a geoarchaeological study which will support the existence of hominids that lived during the Quaternary Period in the study area. The research stages consist of literature study, data collection, analysis of geological, paleontological, geoarcheological data, synthesis and conclusions arrangement. The research methods include observation of outcrops, descriptions of morphology, anatomy, and typology of artifacts. The paleontology and geoarcheology potential in this study is determined from the fossils and artifacts from field surveys, museum collections, and conservationist collections. The number of fossils studied is 78 fossils, there are 8 fossils that cannot be identified, 17 fossils of Invertebrates, and 53 fossils of Vertebrates. The types of fossils obtained were very diverse, including the Pelecypoda class, the Gastropod class, the Brachyura family, the Testudinidae family, the Mastodontidae family, the Stegodontidae family, the Elephantidae family, the Rhinocerotidae family, the Suidae family, the Hippopotamidae family, the Cervidae family, the Bovidae family, and the Primate order. The number of artifacts studied was 17 artifacts. The artifacts studied consist of Paleolithic Age and Neolitic Age culture. The Paleolithic Age culture was made by Homo erectus. Meanwhile, The Neolithic Age culture was made by ancient Homo sapiens. The artifacts obtained included bone tools, flakes, impact axes, hand axes, and square pickaxes. This finding strengthens the statement that Homo erectus once lived and adapted at this site, and opens a new study of the existence of ancient humans (Homo sapiens) with the discovery of a square pickaxe.