EKSPLORASI POTENSI ISOLAT BAKTERI KODE 16 DARI SUMUR MINYAK BUMI JATIBARANG, JAWA BARAT DALAM MEMPRODUKSI BIOSURFAKTAN SEBAGAI AGEN BIOREMEDIASI LOGAM BERAT PADA LINGKUNGAN TERCEMAR

• Main Author: Salsabilla, Syifa
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/61837
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Heavy metal contamination such as cadmium, iron, manganese, and nickel which are commonly found in contaminated locations needs to be remedied because they can cause harmful effects to living things. In this case, biosurfactants are known to be potential alternatives to synthetic surfactants for the remediation process. This research focuses on further exploration regarding the potential of bacterial isolate code 16 from the Jatibarang petroleum well in producing biosurfactants as bioremediation agents for heavy metals in addition to its application to MEOR. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of bacterial isolates 16, predict the ability and type of biosurfactant produced, the potential of these biosurfactants as bioremediation agents for heavy metals, and predict the effect of the presence of light metals on the effectiveness of biosurfactants in heavy metal removal through a combination of research on a laboratory scale and in silico. The characterization of the code 16 bacteria isolate was carried out phenotypically through microscopic and macroscopic observations and identification was carried out using MALDI-TOF MS with the results showing that the bacteria was Bacillus licheniformis. The production of biosurfactants was carried out using SMSSe + 5% petroleum as the medium. The presence of biosurfactants in the supernatant was confirmed by the oil spreading assay and emulsification index test. Based on the two tests, the bacterial isolate code 16 was confirmed to be able to produce biosurfactants because the supernatant produced was able to form a clear zone and had an emulsification index of 60%. The search for journals as the main library was carried out to predict the type of biosurfactant. Based on the FTIR data from the literature study in the main library, the prediction of the type of biosurfactant produced by B. licheniformis is a surfactin type lipopeptide. The results of the analysis using the Metal-Ion Binding Site Prediction web server on the 3D structure of surfactin indicate that surfactin is predicted to be a potential bioremediation agent for cadmium, iron, manganese, and nickel because it has the potential to bind to glutamic acid and aspartic acid residues. The binding potential score of cadmium, iron, and nickel to the two amino acid residues is 1.255, while the binding potential score of manganese to these residues is 1.14. Calcium and magnesium have the potential to be competitors in the binding of heavy metals to biosurfactants because they are predicted to have the same binding site, namely aspartic acid and glutamic residues. This study concluded that the bacterial isolate code 16 was identified as Bacillus licheniformis which was predicted to have the ability to produce surfactin-type lipopeptide biosurfactants. These biosurfactants are predicted to have potential as bioremediation agents for cadmium, iron, manganese, and nickel with the effectiveness of heavy metal removal being potentially affected by the presence of calcium and magnesium metals.