KAJIAN PUSTAKA METABOLIT SEKUNDER JAMUR ENDOFIT YANG BERASAL DARI LAUT DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBANYA

• Main Author: Maureen, Natasha
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/61839
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Microbial resistance is one of the greatest global health challenges. Various infections caused by antibiotic-resistant microbes can lead to complications and an increased risk of death. Irrational use of antibiotics and low patient compliance have resulted in an increase in cases of multi-drug resistance. Many studies are currently focusing on the discovery of new antibiotic compound from natural sources, especially from the marine as an alternative to existing antibiotics that are no longer effective or relevant. The diversity of marine biota and organisms has potentially become a new source of bioactive compounds which may support the development and synthesis of new drugs. One of the focuses in recent years is endophytic fungal microorganisms which are capable of producing various secondary metabolites with pharmacological activities that are crucial in the pharmaceutical and medical fields. The aim of this literature study is to collect and examine data on bioactive compounds from various marine fungi and their potential as antimicrobial agents. A total of 47 secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity which are categorized into secondary metabolites group of the benzophenone, phenol, polyphenol, quinone, diterpenoid, macrolide, polyketide, benzo-?-pyrone, alkaloid, and other groups, were reported to be obtained from marine endophytic fungi (Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Cystobasidium sp., Rigidoporus sp., Grammothele sp., Candida sp., Emericella sp., Stachybotrys sp., Cladosporium sp. Nigrospora sp. and Microsphaeropsis sp.). The review consisted of the process of fungal isolation, fermentation, extraction of secondary metabolites, separation and isolation of compounds, and activity test methods, especially microdilution and agar diffusion. Based on the MIC and IC50, the potential antimicrobials was classified into 32 strong, 5 moderate and 4 weak compounds, respectively.