STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF CO-PYROLYSIS OF LIGNITE AND PLASTIC WASTE AS WELL AS LIGNITE AND WASTE TIRE ON TAR YIELD AND TAR QUALITY: CRITICAL REVIEW

• Main Author: Hady Brata, Chandra
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/62144
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Graphite, one of the lithium-ion battery (LIB) component, is one of the critical materials with low reserves in the nature. As a substitute of natural graphite, synthetic graphite has been a solution for battery anode usage. Coal tar pitch (CTP) is used to be the precursor of needle coke that can be used for synthetic graphite production with high conductivity. CTP is made from the residue from tar distillation. Tar is a by-product of coal pyrolysis. Lignite is one of the most abundant resources in Indonesia has a low H/C ratio and produces less tar yield. Co-pyrolysis of lignite with plastic waste as well as lignite and waste tire have been investigated as one of the ways to increase the tar yield and quality. This literature review will investigate the effect of lignite co-pyrolysis with wastes (low-density polyethylene [LDPE], polypropylene [PP], polyethylene terephthalate [PET], and tire). The quality aspects that will be investigated in this review is the H/C Ratio. Lower H/C Ratio will increase the softening temperature CTP and give a greater quality of anode. Suitable operation variable is needed to improve tar yield while maintaining the H/C ratio. This literature review will be started with data and information gathering from books, journals, and also publications that are related to co-pyrolysis, tar, lignite, plastic waste, and waste tire. After gathering all of the information will be used to discuss the co-pyrolysis process, the effect of mixing ratio and co-pyrolysis temperature on tar yield and quality, and also the optimum variables for the process will be conducted. The conclusion and also suggestions provided can be used for further study or experimental research. This review shows that the co-pyrolysis of lignite and waste tire has the highest tar yield. Co-pyrolysis of lignite and LDPE or PP will also increase tar yield while the co-pyrolysis of lignite and PET will decrease the tar yield because PET has the lowest maximum degradation temperature compared with other plastic wastes. The optimum mixing ratio for the co-pyrolysis of lignite and waste tire system is at 50 wt% of added waste on the mixture. The optimum mixing ratio for co-pyrolysis of lignite and plastic wastes is at 50-67 wt% of added plastic waste to the mixture. The optimum temperature for lignite and waste tire co-pyrolysis is found at 500-600?. While the optimum temperature for lignite and plastic waste co-pyrolysis is at 600- 700?. The most optimum operation variables that can effectively increase the tar yield to 31.69 wt% and a lower ratio of H/C of 1.63 was found at the mixing ratio of lignite and waste tire at 1:1, 500? of co-pyrolysis temperature, using heinze reactor, 300?/min of heating rate, and 30 minutes of co-pyrolysis time. This low H/C ratio among the other process is because of the decreasing of non aromatic hydrocarbons in co-pyrolysis tar.