KAJIAN PUSTAKA KULTUR JARINGAN, ELISITASI, DAN AKLIMATISASI STEVIA REBAUDIANA

• Main Author: Prasetyo Johan, Edward
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/62813
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) is a plant that contains glycosides compound especially steviol and rebaudioside A which has potency as sweetener and therapeutic potency as anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, antihypertension, and antibacteria. Its potency made stevia grown in many places. Slow growth and the need for optimal environment condition pushed the need for faster and optimal cultivation method. Many plant tissue culture researches have been done to find solutions to this problem. This literature review is to review the progress of ways to optimize growth, acclimatize, and increase stevioside and rebaudioside A in Stevia rebaudiana tissue culture. Online literature from online journal publisher (NCBI, Science Direct, Springer, and Taylor & Francis Online) are reviewed. The result of this literature review has explained the progress on how to culture Stevia rebaudiana. Root culture can be grown with MS media supplemented with 6- benzylaminopurine, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, and gibberellic acid. Optimum results from callus culture are obtained with MS media supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. While on shoot culture, are obtained with MS media supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine and kinetin. Hairy root culture is proved to increase stevioside and rebaudioside A production and UDP-glucosyltransferase enzyme activity. Successful acclimatization is done on soil, sand, and manure media in greenhouse condition. Culture elicitation is also explained as a way to increase steviol glycosides accumulation. Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid are proved to be able to stevioside and rebaudioside A accumulation in culture.