STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF PARAMETERS IN SILVER NANOMETAL BIOSYNTHESIS USING DAEMONOROPS DRACO FRUIT, PHYSALIS ANGULATA, BLUMEA BALSAMIFERA, STAUROGYNE ELONGATA AND STROBILANTHES CRISPUS LEAVES EXTRACT AS REDUCTION AGENTS

• Main Author: Ayu Safitri, Widya
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/63331
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Silver nanometal is one type of nanoparticle widely used in various fields. Silver nanometals can be used as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, therapeutic agents, wound dressings, biosensors, coatings, and catalysts. The majority of silver nanometals are produced using physical and chemical methods. However, this method has many drawbacks, such as using hazardous materials, being expensive, and needing further treatment for biomedical applications. Therefore, silver nanometals were synthesized using biological agents that are more environmentally friendly and have low energy consumption. These biological agents can be bacteria, fungi, and plants. Bacteria and fungi have the disadvantage of a sterile place for their growth. In addition, the rate of biosynthetic reaction is low, so it takes a long time for synthesis, and the process gain is low. Indonesia has a variety of plants that can be used in the biosynthesis of silver nanometals. However, there are still few comprehensive studies on the effect of parameters on nanometal biosynthesis, so this research was carried out. It is hoped that this research can assist further research in considering silver nanometal biosynthesis methods. In this study, extracts of rattan fruits (Daemonorops draco), ciplukan leaves (Physalis angulate), sembung leaves (Blumea balsamifera), rendeu leaves (Staurogyne elongate), and keji beling leaves (Strobilanthes crispa) were used as reducing and stabilizing agents for silver nanometals. The selection of these plants is based on the preliminary experiments carried out. In this study, the biosynthesis of silver nanometals varied based on synthesis time, extract volume, and precursor concentration at 80 oC using AgNO3 as the precursor. The research aimed to determine the synthesis time, extract volume, and optimum precursor concentration, determine the size of the nanometal formed, and its recovery. Therefore, this silver nanometal biosynthesis experiment is characterized using UV-Visual Spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Particle Size Analyzer(PSA), and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy(AAS). Based on experiments conducted in the laboratory, the optimum synthesis time for each rattan fruit, ciplukan, sembung, rendeu, and keji beling leaves was 1, 7, 19, 44, and 14 minutes. The optimum extract volumes for each rattan fruit, ciplukan, sembung, rendeu, and keji beling leaves were 1, 1, 5, 9, and 7 mL. The optimum precursor concentrations for each rattan fruit, ciplukan, sembung, rendeu, and keji beling leaves were 4, 8, 14, 6, and 10 mM. Then an experiment was carried out with the optimum parameters as experimental parameters. Using Eh-pH, SEM-EDX, and FTIR, the characterization results showed that silver nanometals were formed in the biosynthesis using all plant extracts. From the characterization using PSA, the average size of silver nanometals for each rattan fruit, ciplukan, sembung, rendeu, and keji beling leaves was 302.07 ± 35.30 nm, 1037.40 ± 669.33 nm, 621.17 ± 593.03 nm, 340.10 ± 118.73 nm, 239.20 ± 63.73 nm. From the characterization using AAS, the results obtained for each rattan fruit, ciplukan, sembung, rendeu, and keji beling leaves were 94.30%, 88.44%, 88.50%, 85.34%, 88.16%.