GLYCERINE PITCH CHARACTERISTICS AS AN ADDITIONAL MATERIAL TO ASPHALT MIXTURE

• Main Author: Arina Rusyda, Ilya
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/64177
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Glycerine pitch is a by-product (waste) of the crude glycerol purification process. This waste is classified as a toxic and hazardous material (B3) so it must be managed specifically so as not to pollute and endanger the environment. Until now, the economic aspects of the waste have not been considered properly, whereas to deal with this waste. Glycerine pitch has a PH < 10 (strong base), glycerine pitch has different physical forms depending on the process from which it was produced. In the hydrolysis process, glycerine pitch has a solid form, while in the transesterification process it is liquid and blackishbrown in color, with quite a lot of ash content in it. This study aims to obtain an overview of the potential of glycerine pitch to be used in asphalt mixtures. To achieve this goal, the research focus is directed to answer 3 (three) main problems at the same time relating to (i) the compounds contained in glycerine pitch and its chemical and physical characteristics, (ii) the effect of glycerine pitch on asphalt rheology based on the value of penetration, softening point, and viscosity, (iii) the potential of glycerine pitch for asphalt mixtures, as well as the right mix content to meet asphalt binder standards in Indonesia. This research took two stages. The first stage, chemically, includes the saponification number test, testing the organic and inorganic content of glycerine pitch through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, testing the content of chemical compounds contained in glycerine pitch using Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) as well as looking at the constituent groups of glycerine pitch using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The second stage includes the mixing process, testing the asphalt adhesive properties (penetration value, softening point, viscosity, and specific gravity), analysis of the groups formed when adding glycerine pith in 60/70 asphalt pen, and finally Marshall test. This research was conducted by mixing glycerine pitch from several oleochemical industries including PT. Wilmar hydrolysis route (WLH) and transesterification route (WLF), as well as PT. Domas (DMS) with asphalt oil at a mixture ratio of 5%, 10%, and 20%. The results showed that glycerine pitch has potential as an additive in asphalt with a content of 20% in WLF and WLH, and 5% in DMS. This is supported by several parameters, including: (i) the results of the GC-MS chemical test on all samples of glycerine pitch did not show any harmful volatile compounds causing environmental pollution in the asphalt mixing and compaction process (160o C); (ii) the results of the FTIR test on all samples of glycerine pitch indicate that this compound has the required groups to be used as bio asphalt, namely: aromatic group, carbonyl group, -CH3 group, O-H group, C-C stretching group, and C-C bending. (iii) glycerine pitch is able to reduce the iv mixing and compaction temperatures up to 6o C at WLH and WLF, and 7o C at DMS to be in the warm mixing zone with a temperature range of 100o C-145o C. Apart from that, the optimum asphalt content (KAO) in the asphalt mixture using glycerine pitch at P-1 is 5.35%, at W-1 6.1%, W-2 5.85% and at D-4 5.6%. In the Pen 60/70 asphalt mixture, there is less asphalt content because the asphalt absorbed by the aggregate does not easily come out of the aggregate cavity. This means that less asphalt is required to produce a mixture with optimum strength.