PENGEMBANGAN EKSTRAK ETANOL HERBA CEPLUKAN (PHYSALIS ANGULATA L.) UNTUK PENANGANAN PENYAKIT LUPUS PADA MENCIT YANG DIINDUKSI PRISTAN

• Main Author: Maeistuti, Novita
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/64505
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by multisystem inflammation due to deposits of immune complex in many organs such as kidneys, joints, pleura, skin, and so on. Physalis angulata known as mullaca, has been widely studied for it's pharmacological activities such as anti inflammatory, immunosuppressive, cytotoxic, and inhibition of organ rejection in transplantation. In this study Physalis angulata is investigated for it's activities as an immunomodulatory agent. Mullaca's powder was extracted using maseration method with 70% ethanol. Animal models of lupus is obtained by injection 0.7 mL of pristane, intraperitoneally. The success of induction was seen two weeks after induction by measuring total leukocyte count as well as four weeks and eight weeks after induction by detecting the presence of specific antinuclear antibodies by SDS PAGE on a molecular weight of 102-105 kDa. Other parameters measured were nonspecific immune response (measurement of total leukocyte count and differential leukocyte count), specific humoral immune response (hemagglutination test), specific cellular immune responses (delayed type hypersensitivity test), organ index and histological of kidney and spleen. Treatment with plant extracts was performed at week eight after induction for one week. Ethanol extract of mullaca herb at a dose of 1000 mg/kg bw decrease the number of leukocytes (9217 ± 924.99), lymphocytes (2950 ± 270.14), and eosinophils (4124 ± 247.69) and significant different compared to the control group. Extract could lower the primary antibody titer and suppress inflammatory reactions in delayed-type hypersensitivity test, but the value does not significant different compared to control group. Based on visual observation of spleen and kidney histology showed that extract can suppress spleen's immune cell proliferation and has the ability to suppress glomerulonephritis but have not been able to restore the condition to normal kidneys. Ethanol extract of Physalis angulata on dose of 1000 mg/kg bw in oral form, has potential as immunomodulatory agent for lupus that works primarily on spesific immune response by lowering immune response near to the normal value, not suppressing immune response such as prednisone.