ELISITASI KULTUR AKAR KINA (CINCHONA LEDGERIANA MOENS.) MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK RAGI DAN ASAM SALISILAT

• Main Author: Dewisanti, Dini
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/64765
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Background and purpose: Cinchona ledgeriana Moens. has been known as source of antimalarial drug. It's antimalarial activity is resulted from quinine, an important secondary metabolite isolated from Cinchonae cortex. Quinine also used in nighttime leg cramps and babesiosis therapy. Vegetative propagation of quinine conventionally takes a long time to reach harvest, but obtain low productivity. Quinine can be produced synthetically, but is either extremely difficult or economically infeasible. To overcome these problems, the study of plant tissue culture has developed. Plant tissue culture combined with elicitation is one of methods that can be used to increase alkaloids accumulation. This study aimed to increase quinine content from Cinchona ledgeriana Moens. root culture. Methods: Roots were induced on solid Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with plant growth regulators which induce root directly or through callus. Concurrent with multiplication induced root, liquid medium orientation was conducted to grow root derived from in vitro plants. Roots from solid medium were subcultured onto liquid medium that resulted from orientation. Root cultures were elicited with 500 ppm of yeast extract and 500 tiM of salicylic acid at day subculture. Harvesting was done on days 4, 8, and 12 after elicitation. Both fresh and dry weight were weighed, the roots were extracted with methanol then analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Result: Roots were induced from stem explant on solid MS medium containing 1 mg L-1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0,5 mg L-1 kinetin with lighting incubation_ The liquid medium orientation showed that the roots grow faster at dark incubation on '/2 MS medium (1 x vitamin) containing 0,1 mg L-1 NAA and 3% w/v sucrose. Increased in root weight occurred in all cultures after elicitation. The addition of 500 ppm of yeast extract elicitor increased quinine levels in roots with highest amount 1,81% w/w at fourth day after elicitation. However 500 1.1M of salicylic acid does not lead to significantly increased levels of quinine. Conclusion: Quinine from Cinchona ledgeriana Moens. root culture enhanced with 500 ppm of yeast extract with highest amount 1,81% w/w or 76 times higher than control at fourth day after elicitation, but it did not enhance with 500pM of salicylic acid.